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Chlouvānem/Names: Difference between revisions
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== Surnames (leliėmihalenī) == | == Surnames (leliėmihalenī) == | ||
The surname or ''leliėmihaloe'' (from ''leliėmita'' "family", and ''haloe'' "name") is of newer formation when compared to the matronymic, especially in rural areas. Chlouvānem people have a huge number of surnames, and there are different possible origins: | The surname or ''leliėmihaloe'' (from ''leliėmita'' "family", and ''haloe'' "name") is of newer formation when compared to the matronymic, especially in rural areas. Chlouvānem people have a huge number of surnames, and there are different possible origins: | ||
* Some have been derived by ancient matronymics (keeping the one of the grandmother of the first generation which had this surname), and are distinguished by ending in ''-æha '' | * Some have been derived by ancient matronymics (keeping the one of the grandmother of the first generation which had this surname), and are distinguished by ending in ''-lišā'', ''-æha'', ''-æša'', or others instead of ''-āvi''. As this has a popular origin, the original name may not be recognizable, especially because of heavy shortenings and/or vernacular influence. Some examples include ''Lænkæša'', ''Nākāyæha'', ''Ñæhūvæša'', ''Lūmāvæha'', or ''Jėliāvyæša''. | ||
* Some names have been derived by "extended" genitives in ''-iai/-ьai'' (sometimes also seen in placenames), often with otherwise ''-mi- ''root extension and ablaut. The original roots are often common places or professions; examples are ''Yālcai'', ''Lanæmiai'', ''Ṣveimiai'', ''Mahāmiai'' (from ''amaha'' “abode”), ''Hāliai'', ''Lūlulkaicai'' (from ''lūlulkita'', a cocoa tree plantation), or ''Šītmiai''. A common subpattern includes the many different, vernacular-influenced, variations on ''vīhatam'' "farm", like ''Vīhešai'', ''Vaihātiai'', ''Bahāmiai'', ''Vīšmi'', or ''Bīhašai''. | * Some names have been derived by "extended" genitives in ''-iai/-ьai'' (sometimes also seen in placenames), often with otherwise ''-mi- ''root extension and ablaut. The original roots are often common places or professions; examples are ''Yālcai'', ''Lanæmiai'', ''Ṣveimiai'', ''Mahāmiai'' (from ''amaha'' “abode”), ''Hāliai'', ''Lūlulkaicai'' (from ''lūlulkita'', a cocoa tree plantation), or ''Šītmiai''. A common subpattern includes the many different, vernacular-influenced, variations on ''vīhatam'' "farm", like ''Vīhešai'', ''Vaihātiai'', ''Bahāmiai'', ''Vīšmi'', or ''Bīhašai''. | ||
* A few surnames are derived by prefixing or suffixing the older genitive particle ''ga'': these are mostly originary of those areas where the local vernacular has a genitive with that origin, like the central-western Lāmiejāya plain; examples are ''Galeli'', ''Nānega'', or ''Pomega''. | * A few surnames are derived by prefixing or suffixing the older genitive particle ''ga'': these are mostly originary of those areas where the local vernacular has a genitive with that origin, like the central-western Lāmiejāya plain; examples are ''Galeli'', ''Nānega'', or ''Pomega''. | ||
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* Many Eastern surnames have their origins in Kans-Tsan clan names, like ''Yatakoma'', ''Laranamon'', ''Hantokan'', ''Futahira'', or ''Līkāntām''. | * Many Eastern surnames have their origins in Kans-Tsan clan names, like ''Yatakoma'', ''Laranamon'', ''Hantokan'', ''Futahira'', or ''Līkāntām''. | ||
* Many surnames have unknown origin, most probably from non-Chlouvānem now displaced languages, especially in the jungle area. Examples are ''Nāʔahilūma'', ''Jāmatthāla'', ''Naiñoʔamė'', ''Lamichlīkyah'' or ''Nājihaufram''. | * Many surnames have unknown origin, most probably from non-Chlouvānem now displaced languages, especially in the jungle area. Examples are ''Nāʔahilūma'', ''Jāmatthāla'', ''Naiñoʔamė'', ''Lamichlīkyah'' or ''Nājihaufram''. | ||
===Variable and invariable surnames=== | |||
Chlouvānem surnames, regardless of origin, may be '''variable''' or '''invariable''', with about 55% of people having a variable surname. | |||
Variable surnames have three forms: one for all women in the family, one for married men, and one for unmarried men. There are a few patterns based on the ending suffixes: | |||
* ''-(e)lišā'' (female), ''-orās'' (married male), ''-altīs'' (unmarried male) - e.g. Kāmīnelišā, Kāmīnorās, Kāmīnaltīs | |||
* ''-(y)æša, -ærās, -æltīs'' - Nainyæša, Nainyærās, Nainyæltīs | |||
* ''-(y)æha, -ąrās, -ąltīs'' - Lūmāvæha, Lūmāvąrās, Lūmāvąltīs | |||
* ''-(i)tėsa, -tairās, -teltīs'' - Neamitėsa, Neamitairās, Neamiteltīs | |||
* ''-(a)ṣrā, -ṣurās, -ṣraltīs'' - Bandikṣrā, Bandikṣurās, Bandikṣraltīs | |||
While typically it is the matronymic-derived surnames (and sometimes the placename-derived ones) that are variable, these suffixes have also been applied to other kinds of surnames - an example being the late singer-songwriter Lālašvātyāvi Kāmilñariāh ''Turabayān'', whose unnamed surname was Kašahitoraltīs (his mother's was called Šulegāvi Kašahitorlišā ''Lālašvāti''), of clear Kans-Tsan origin (cf. the existing, invariable modern surnames Kašahitah and Kašahitra). | |||
In most areas of the Inquisition, men take their wife's surname (in the married male form, if variable) when they marry - so for example a hypothetical Martayināvi Lantakaltīs ''Kāltarvān'' who marries the hypothetical Namihūlšāvi Huliālišā ''Lairė'' will be known as Martayināvi Huliāyorās ''Kāltarvān'' after marrying. Their son Dalaigin's full name will be Lairyāvi Huliāltīs ''Dalaigin''. | |||
In some places, this is not the case, and the husband keeps his birth surname, but if it is variable, it will shift to the married form anyway. | |||
Non-binary people get the option to choose either form, but once chosen it can't be changed without a long bureaucratic process. | |||
== Personal names (lilahalenī) == | == Personal names (lilahalenī) == | ||