Contionary:werthen: Difference between revisions
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==Skundavisk== | ==Skundavisk== | ||
===Etymology=== | ===Etymology=== | ||
From Middle Skundavisk ''verthen'', ''verþen'', from Old Skundavisk ''verþan'', from Halmisk '' | From Middle Skundavisk ''verthen'', ''verþen'', from Old Skundavisk ''verþan'', from Halmisk ''ᚹᛖᚱᚦᚨᚾ'' (''werþan''), from Proto-Germanic ''*werþaną''. | ||
===Pronunciation=== | ===Pronunciation=== | ||
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===Verb=== | ===Verb=== | ||
'''werthen''' (''irregular | '''werthen''' (''irregular, third-person singular simple present'' '''wirt''', ''past tense'' '''worde''', ''past participle'' '''geworden''' , ''past subjunctive'' '''wyrde''', ''auxiliary'' '''wesen''') | ||
# to become | # to become | ||
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====Usage notes==== | ====Usage notes==== | ||
* Originally a class 3 strong verb, it diverged from the regular pattern first by shifting the /θ/ sound of its past participle root to a /d/ sound during the Old Skundavisk period, and then by replacing the regular past tense root ''warth'' by ''worde'' around the 17th century. It is now classified as an irregular verb. | * Originally a class 3 strong verb, it diverged from the regular pattern first by shifting the /θ/ sound of its past participle root to a /d/ sound during the Old Skundavisk period, and then by replacing the regular past tense root ''warth'' by ''worde'' around the 17th century. It is now classified as an irregular verb. | ||
* Most dialects use it as a passive auxiliary instead of the typically Kijlisk [[Contionary:beun|beun]]. | |||
====Synonyms==== | ====Synonyms==== |
Latest revision as of 23:04, 20 November 2019
Skundavisk
Etymology
From Middle Skundavisk verthen, verþen, from Old Skundavisk verþan, from Halmisk ᚹᛖᚱᚦᚨᚾ (werþan), from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA: /wɛɐθɘn/
Verb
werthen (irregular, third-person singular simple present wirt, past tense worde, past participle geworden , past subjunctive wyrde, auxiliary wesen)
- to become
- Lijf is swår geworden.
- Life has become difficult.
- Lijf is swår geworden.
Inflection
infinitive | werthen | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | werthend | |||
past participle | geworden | |||
auxiliary | wesen | |||
indicative | subjunctive | |||
present | ik werthe | wi werthen | ik werthe | wi werthen |
thou wirst | ji werthet | thou werthest | ji werthet | |
hi, si, hit wirt | si, Si werthen | hi, si, hit werthe | si, Si werthen | |
preterit | ik worde | wi worden | ik wyrde | wi wyrden |
thou wordest | ji wordet | thou wyrdest | ji wyrdet | |
hi, si, hit worde | si, Si worden | hi, si, hit wyrde | si, Si wyrden | |
imperative | werth | werthet (ji) |
Usage notes
- Originally a class 3 strong verb, it diverged from the regular pattern first by shifting the /θ/ sound of its past participle root to a /d/ sound during the Old Skundavisk period, and then by replacing the regular past tense root warth by worde around the 17th century. It is now classified as an irregular verb.
- Most dialects use it as a passive auxiliary instead of the typically Kijlisk beun.