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Far East Semitic: Difference between revisions
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Inspiration: Old Chinese, [[Heleasic]], Akkadian, Amharic | Inspiration: Old Chinese, [[Heleasic]], Akkadian, Amharic | ||
Far East Semitic is one of the major branches of Semitic and literary languages of Lõis's Southeast Asia. | Far East Semitic is one of the major branches of Semitic and literary languages of Lõis's Southeast Asia. It's in a clade with Akkadian. | ||
==Todo== | ==Todo== | ||
Verner's law in random words? plax "to open" <- *pdax <- *phthax | Verner's law in random words? plax "to open" <- *pdax <- *phthax | ||
lhor "king", mëlkh "prince"? | |||
==Family tree== | ==Family tree== | ||
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==== Derivation ==== | ==== Derivation ==== | ||
Singulatives are formed with ''bɨn-''. | Singulatives are formed with ''bɨn-''. | ||
kʰətʰāb: agentive | |||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
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Derivations that correspond to binyanim in other Semitic languages are more concatenative: | Derivations that correspond to binyanim in other Semitic languages are more concatenative: | ||
*G-stem: xtab, xtob, xtib | *G-stem: xtab, xtob, xtib | ||
*D-stem: | *D-stem: kʰətʰVb | ||
*N-stem: | *N-stem: nə·xtVb | ||
*S-stem: | *S-stem: šə·xtVb | ||
*t-stems: | *t-stems: tə·xtVb | ||
the pa'al / pi'el distinction surfaces as initial clusters vs minor syllables | the pa'al / pi'el distinction surfaces as initial clusters vs minor syllables | ||
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mə- prefix for derived nouns -> prenasalization in the quasi-Hmoob language | mə- prefix for derived nouns -> prenasalization in the quasi-Hmoob language | ||
Some | Some former VN patterns (also noun patterns) | ||
* kʰətʰıb | * kʰətʰıb | ||
* xteb, xtib | * xteb, xtib | ||
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==== Pronouns ==== | ==== Pronouns ==== | ||
* 1sg ''nākʰ''~''ni'' | * 1sg ''nā''~''nākʰ''~''ni'' (Hmooblang ''nau'') | ||
* 2sg '' | * 2sg ''əntu''~''kʰmu'' (Hmooblang ''hmu'') | ||
Plural pronouns were formed with the associative marker ''wɨl'' (< *wa-illu 'and these') or ''kʰol'' (from *kullu 'all'): | Plural pronouns were formed with the associative marker ''wɨl'' (< *wa-illu 'and these') or ''kʰol'' (from *kullu 'all'): | ||
* 1pl: ''nākʰ wɨl~nākʰol'' | * 1pl: ''nākʰ wɨl~nākʰol'' | ||
* 2pl '' | * 2pl ''kʰmu wɨl~kʰmu kʰol~kʰmɨl'' | ||
Largely replaced with rank pronouns in descendants in non-intimate speech | Largely replaced with rank pronouns in descendants in non-intimate speech | ||