Fourth Linguifex Relay/Sceptrian: Difference between revisions
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<poem> | <poem> | ||
''Léhkodé pai ko qhóqhøkos, | ''Léhkodé pai ko qhóqhøkos, | ||
'' | ''keewesht mjulanģ oil qotitlóo; | ||
''darema soi slopapu'os, | ''darema soi slopapu'os, | ||
''jak rajidhé mitupurpóo. | ''jak rajidhé mitupurpóo. | ||
''Péma | ''Péma saitush_q'papa sekhe, | ||
''jevaa hifthilan gat'tishh'i, | ''jevaa hifthilan gat'tishh'i, | ||
''moŕ ól dorahpipi qóphe; | ''moŕ ól dorahpipi qóphe; | ||
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==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
Sceptrian is a head-initial, ergative-absolutive language, i.e. the word order in clauses is mostly VAO and the head of the noun phrase is followed by adjectives and demostratives. | Sceptrian is a head-initial, ergative-absolutive language, i.e. the word order in clauses is mostly VAO and the head of the noun phrase is followed by adjectives and demostratives. The language is fusional-agglutinative, e.g. verbs are [[Sceptrian#Affixes|conjugated]], but both prepositions and postpositions are used as well and their heads are [[Sceptrian#Cases|declined]] according to the noun class. The cases of nouns are utilized in [[Sceptrian#Derivational_Morphology|derivational morphology]] so that at first glance many verbs seem to be only inflected nouns. | ||
However, poems may have a more free word order and <!--apparently -->may omit vowels in various syllables. The apostrophe may stand for both these omissions and normal pausa. | |||
==Glossed== | ==Glossed== | ||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
''léhkod-é pai ko qhó~qhøk-os | |||
<small>ADVZ\fast-VOC MIR DIST.SG SUBJ~\is_broken-3SG.INCEP</small> | |||
*[[Sceptrian#Particles|Verb particles]] don't always require verbs | *[[Sceptrian#Particles|Verb particles]] don't always require verbs | ||
''keewesht mjula-n oil qot<i>~t-l-óo | |||
<small>mosaic life-GEN as rock~<DIM>-PL-LAT</small> | |||
*See [[Sceptrian#Prepositions|prepositions]] for the effect of noun case. | *See [[Sceptrian#Prepositions|prepositions]] for the effect of noun case. | ||
*Some derivations utilize both reduplication and | *Some derivations utilize both reduplication and affixing | ||
''darema soi slop<a>~p-u-os | ''darema soi slop<a>~p-u-os | ||
<small>Ruler.AUG on chair~<AUG>-LOC-POSS.3SG.ALIEN</small> | <small>Ruler.AUG on chair~<AUG>-LOC-POSS.3SG.ALIEN</small> | ||
*Sceptrian has several ways of indicating [[Scetprian#Possessive|possession]] | |||
''jak rajidh-é mitup-u-r-p-óo | ''jak rajidh-é mitup-u-r-p-óo | ||
<small>away sudden-VOC sea-LOC-VBZ.FREQ-NMZ-LAT</small> | <small>away sudden-VOC(.ADVZ) sea-LOC-VBZ.FREQ-NMZ-LAT</small> | ||
*Occurrence of [[Sceptrian#Apophony|apophony]] has certain rules | *Occurrence of [[Sceptrian#Apophony|apophony]] has certain rules | ||
''Pé=ma saitu-sh q(ó) | ''Pé=ma saitu-sh q(ó)pa-pa sek-he | ||
<small>2PL.VOC=FOC DEM.PROX.ANIM-PL act-ABL come-GNO.2PL</small> | <small>2PL.VOC=FOC DEM.PROX.ANIM-PL act-ABL come-GNO.2PL</small> | ||
*[[Sceptrian#Relative_clauses|On relative clauses]] of Sceptrian | *[[Sceptrian#Relative_clauses|On relative clauses]] of Sceptrian | ||
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''jeva-a hifthila-n gat(o)ti-sh-h(e)i | ''jeva-a hifthila-n gat(o)ti-sh-h(e)i | ||
<small>grace-ERG heaven-GEN accommodation-INS.VBZ-PST.PFV.2PL </small> | <small>grace-ERG heaven-GEN accommodation-INS(.VBZ)-PST.PFV.2PL </small> | ||
*Agent prefixes may be omitted | *Agent prefixes may be omitted | ||
*Genitive forms don't agree with their heads | *Genitive forms don't agree with their heads | ||
'' | ''mo-ŕ ól dora-h-pi-pi qóp-he | ||
<small>1PL-GEN like law-COM.VBZ-GER-ABL act-GNO.2PL</small> | <small>1PL-GEN like law-COM(.VBZ)-GER-ABL act-GNO.2PL</small> | ||
*It is common for Sceptrian to [[Sceptrian#Derivational_Morphology|derive]] new nouns from verbs already derived from nouns | *It is common for Sceptrian to [[Sceptrian#Derivational_Morphology|derive]] new nouns from verbs already derived from nouns | ||
''mutsh-os tsla-r-mak-Ø jódi-sh b(a)shø-t(i)-s-ji | ''mutsh-os tsla-r-mak-Ø jódi-sh b(a)shø-t(i)-s-ji | ||
<small>neighbour-INS.COM INCEP.1PL-HORT-give-ANTIP charity-INS | <small>neighbour-INS(.COM) INCEP.1PL-HORT-give-ANTIP charity-INS poor_one-DAT </small> | ||
*[[Sceptrian#Irrealis|Hortative]] in Sceptrian | *[[Sceptrian#Irrealis|Hortative]] in Sceptrian | ||
*[[Sceptrian#Voice|Antipassive]] is formed by turning the ERG agent into ABS, removing the subject/object verb suffix and changing the subject/object case into instrumental | *[[Sceptrian#Voice|Antipassive]] is formed by turning the ERG agent into ABS, removing the subject/object verb suffix and changing the subject/object case into instrumental | ||
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==Extra== | ==Extra== | ||
*''Léh-ko-d-é'' might be glossed as ADVZ\leg-LAT-VBZ.MVT\ADJZ-VOC, but the core was translated for simplicity | *From ''leh'', ''Léh-ko-d-é'' might be glossed as ADVZ\leg-LAT-VBZ.MVT\ADJZ-VOC, but the core was translated for simplicity :) | ||
*Same for ''b(a)shø-t(i)-s-ji'' gloss VOC\wealth-ADJZ.ABE-NMZ.AN-DAT from ''bashó'' | |||
<!--Stress is not perfect, but at least it's got some kind of a rhyme!--> | |||
[[Category:Fourth Linguifex Relay]] | |||
Revision as of 12:51, 9 July 2015
Óphi fatipap Lingwifekson Lushakha:
Léhkodé pai ko qhóqhøkos,
keewesht mjulanģ oil qotitlóo;
darema soi slopapu'os,
jak rajidhé mitupurpóo.
Péma saitush_q'papa sekhe,
jevaa hifthilan gat'tishh'i,
moŕ ól dorahpipi qóphe;
mutshos tslarmak jódish b'shøt'sji.
Notes
Sceptrian is a head-initial, ergative-absolutive language, i.e. the word order in clauses is mostly VAO and the head of the noun phrase is followed by adjectives and demostratives. The language is fusional-agglutinative, e.g. verbs are conjugated, but both prepositions and postpositions are used as well and their heads are declined according to the noun class. The cases of nouns are utilized in derivational morphology so that at first glance many verbs seem to be only inflected nouns.
However, poems may have a more free word order and may omit vowels in various syllables. The apostrophe may stand for both these omissions and normal pausa.
Glossed
léhkod-é pai ko qhó~qhøk-os
ADVZ\fast-VOC MIR DIST.SG SUBJ~\is_broken-3SG.INCEP
- Verb particles don't always require verbs
keewesht mjula-n oil qot<i>~t-l-óo
mosaic life-GEN as rock~<DIM>-PL-LAT
- See prepositions for the effect of noun case.
- Some derivations utilize both reduplication and affixing
darema soi slop<a>~p-u-os
Ruler.AUG on chair~<AUG>-LOC-POSS.3SG.ALIEN
- Sceptrian has several ways of indicating possession
jak rajidh-é mitup-u-r-p-óo
away sudden-VOC(.ADVZ) sea-LOC-VBZ.FREQ-NMZ-LAT
- Occurrence of apophony has certain rules
Pé=ma saitu-sh q(ó)pa-pa sek-he
2PL.VOC=FOC DEM.PROX.ANIM-PL act-ABL come-GNO.2PL
- On relative clauses of Sceptrian
- Ablative case has a causal meaning as well
jeva-a hifthila-n gat(o)ti-sh-h(e)i
grace-ERG heaven-GEN accommodation-INS(.VBZ)-PST.PFV.2PL
- Agent prefixes may be omitted
- Genitive forms don't agree with their heads
mo-ŕ ól dora-h-pi-pi qóp-he
1PL-GEN like law-COM(.VBZ)-GER-ABL act-GNO.2PL
- It is common for Sceptrian to derive new nouns from verbs already derived from nouns
mutsh-os tsla-r-mak-Ø jódi-sh b(a)shø-t(i)-s-ji
neighbour-INS(.COM) INCEP.1PL-HORT-give-ANTIP charity-INS poor_one-DAT
- Hortative in Sceptrian
- Antipassive is formed by turning the ERG agent into ABS, removing the subject/object verb suffix and changing the subject/object case into instrumental
Extra
- From leh, Léh-ko-d-é might be glossed as ADVZ\leg-LAT-VBZ.MVT\ADJZ-VOC, but the core was translated for simplicity :)
- Same for b(a)shø-t(i)-s-ji gloss VOC\wealth-ADJZ.ABE-NMZ.AN-DAT from bashó