Hammadhi: Difference between revisions

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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
 
The name ''ħammāðī'' comes from Sanskrit ''saṃvāda'' "conversation" with the adjectival suffix ''-ī'' (from Sanskrit ''-ika''). Therefore, its original meaning would have been "conversational [speech]" - i.e. the language used in everyday conversation.
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Vowel inventory
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==Phonology==
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Revision as of 22:54, 19 March 2024

Hammadhi (native: حمّاذي /ħamːaːðiː/) is an Indo-Aryan language.


Introduction

The name ħammāðī comes from Sanskrit saṃvāda "conversation" with the adjectival suffix (from Sanskrit -ika). Therefore, its original meaning would have been "conversational [speech]" - i.e. the language used in everyday conversation.

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants

Hammadhi consonant phonemes
Labial Dental Alveolar Postalveolar/ Palatal Velar/ Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Nasal م m ن n ݧ ñ ɲ ڹ ŋ
Stop voiceless پ p ت t ٿ‎ t t ك k ء ʔ
voiced ب b د d ڐ d d ڭ‎ ɡ
emphatic ڀ ط t̪ˁ ق q
Affricate voiceless چ č
voiced ج j
Fricative voiceless ف f ث θ س s ش š ʃ خ x χ ح ħ هـ h
voiced ذ ð ز z غ ğ ʁ ع ʕ
emphatic ص
Trill ر r
Approximant ل l ي y j و w

Comments:

¹ Dental stops are laminal, while alveolar stops are apical.

Vowels

Hammadhi vowel phonemes
Short Long
Front Back Front Back
Close بِ i بُ u بِي ī بُو ū
Mid بٖ e بٗ o بٖي ē بٗو ō
Open بَ a بَا ā
Diphthongs بَوْ au aw; بَيْ ai aj

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Pronouns

Personal pronouns

Hammadhi personal pronouns
Person Number Familiarity Direct Oblique Possessive
1 S Informal عاڹ ʕāŋ مي mē مج majj
Formal هم ham همان hamān
P Informal
Formal بيڹ bēŋ نو nō نون nōn
2 S Informal پاڹ pāŋ تي tē تج tujj
Formal چم čum چمان čumān
P Informal
Formal جوڹ jūŋ بو bō بون bōn
3 S Informal إيڹ ʔēŋ نين nēn أچ ʔačč
Formal إيح ʔēħ إيحان ʔēħān
P Informal
Formal إم ʔim جو jō جون jōn

Numerals

Hammadhi numerals
# Cardinal Ordinal Fractional
0 حݧ ħuññ حݧم ħuññam
1 إك ʔekk پشم pašam ڀن ṗunn
2 بي bē بيجم bījjam هڐا haddā
3 ٿي tē ٿيجم tījjam ٿباغ tibāğ
4 صوار ṣawār صوارم ṣawāram صوٿ ṣaut
5 ڀنز ṗanz ڀنزم ṗanzam
6 سٿ satt سٿم sattam
7 حت ħatt حتم ħattam
8 هٿا hattā هٿام hattām
9 نو naww نوم nawwam
10 دح daħ دحم daħam
11 ياذح yāðaħ ياذحم yāðaħam
12 باذح bāðaħ باذحم bāðaħam
13 ٿيذح tēðaħ ٿيذحم tēðaħam
14 صوڐح ṣaud صوڐحم ṣaudaħam
15 ڀنڐح ṗand ڀنڐحم ṗandaħam
16 حولح ħōlaħ حولحم ħōlaħam
17 حذح ħaððaħ حذحم ħaððaħam
18 هٿاذح hattāðaħ هٿاذحم hattāðaħam
19 نوذح nōðaħ نوذحم nōðaħam
20 بيح bīħ بيحم bīħam
21 بيحا إك bīħā ʔekk بيحا إكم bīħā ʔekkam
30 ٿيح tīħ ٿيحم tīħam
40 صواريح ṣawārīħ صواريحم ṣawārīħam
50 ڀنزيح ṗanzīħ ڀنزيحم ṗanzīħam
60 سٿيح sattīħ سٿيحم sattīħam
70 حتيح ħattīħ حتيحم ħattīħam
80 هٿائيح hattāʔīħ هٿائيحم hattāʔīħam
90 نويح nawwīħ نويحم nawwīħam
100 حو ħaww حوم ħawwam
101 حو إك ħaww ʔekk حو إكم ħaww ʔekkam
200 بي حو bē ħaww بي حوم bē ħawwam
1000 حاچ ħāč حاچم ħāčam

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources