4,735
edits
Hirathic: Difference between revisions
m
→Grammar
Chrysophylax (talk | contribs) |
Chrysophylax (talk | contribs) m (→Grammar) |
||
| Line 187: | Line 187: | ||
===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
Verbs are highly inflected in Hirathic, similar to many other older Indo-European languages such as Latin, Sanskrit, Old Irish, or Old Church Slavonic. A student of any of the aforementioned languages will surely recognise many similarities between them and Hirathic. Like their relatives, the Hirathic verbs inflect or conjugate for person (1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd</sup>, 3<sup>rd</sup>), number (singular, plural), tense, aspect, voice, and mood. | |||
====Tense==== | |||
Hirathic has three primary time distinctions: the present ({{sc|pres}}), the past ({{sc|past}}), and the future ({{sc|fut}}). While the present and the past are inherited straight from Proto-Indo-European, the origin of the future tense, formed by affixing '''-s''' to the stem, is probably a shared innovation from Late PIE, cf. Latin [[wiktionary:faxo|faxo]]. | |||
====Aspect==== | |||
Verbs are innately either perfect ({{sc|perf}}) or imperfective({{sc|ipfv}}) in aspect. To switch between these two aspects, most verbs demand a suffixation or a stem vowel change. Some verbs that have a bound preposition usually belong to a specific aspect, e.g., {{c|εχσειμι}} (''ekseimmi'') is perfective, derived from the union of the preposition {{c|εχς}} ‘out’ and {{c|ειμι}} ‘I go’, an imperfective verb, while the verb {{c|αθακαουθωμι}} (''āthākā́outhōmi'') ‘I listen anew, repeatedly’ is imperfective. | |||
====Mood==== | |||
====Voice==== | |||
===Syntax=== | ===Syntax=== | ||
===Compounding=== | ===Compounding=== | ||