Kēlen: Difference between revisions

444 bytes removed ,  27 January 2021
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===Consonants===
===Consonants===
According to the Kēleñi, there are five stops ('''ansāorīki anpōhi'''). These are /p/, /t/, /s/, /c/, /k/. These are all unaspirated and voiceless. They become voiced between vowels and/or sonorants. They stay voiceless at the beginning and end of words, or next to another stop or fricative. There are also five fricatives ('''ansāorīki ankōrji'''). These are /w/, /þ/, /x/, /j/, /h/. These are all voiceless at the beginning and end of words and next to another stop or fricative, and voiced between vowels and/or sonorants. Furthermore in some dialects these sounds are always voiced. And finally there are thirteen sonorants ('''ansāorīki antāni'''). These are /m/, /mm/, /n/, /nn/, /ñ/, /ññ/, /ŋ/, /ŋŋ/, /l/, /ll/, /λ/, /r/, and /rr/. These are almost always voiced, though various dialects will devoice these at the beginning of words.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;"
|-
|+ '''Consonant phonemes'''
! style="width: 68px; "|
! style="width: 68px; "|
! style="width: 68px; " |Bilabial
! style="width: 68px; " |Bilabial
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|  
|  
|
|
| c
| c<sup>1</sup>
| k
| k
|-
|-
! style="" |Fricative
! style="" |Fricative
| w [β]
| w [β]<sup>2</sup>
| þ [θ]
| þ [θ]
| s
| s<sup>3</sup>
| x [ʃ]
| x [ʃ]
| j [ç]
| j [ç]<sup>4</sup>
| h [x]
| h [x]<sup>5</sup>
|-
|-
! style="" |Affricate
! style="" |Affricate
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|colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"| l
|colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"| l
| λ [ʎ]
| λ [ʎ]
|
|-
! style="" |Trill
|
|colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"| r
|
|  
|  
|}
|}
According to the Kēleñi, there are five stops (''ansāorīki anpōhi''). These are /p/, /t/, /s/, /c/, /k/. These are all unaspirated and voiceless. They become voiced between vowels and/or sonorants. They stay voiceless at the beginning and end of words, or next to another stop or fricative. /p/ is pronounced like the Spanish /p/, /t/ like the Spanish /t/. /s/ is nowadays pronounced like English /s/, but used to be like German /z/ or /ts/. This pronunciation is still found in some dialects. /c/ is a palatal stop, and can be mispronounced as English /ch/ without any misunderstanding. /k/ is like Spanish /c/ in /ca/ or /co/.
There are also five fricatives (''ansāorīki ankōrji''). These are /w/, /þ/, /x/, /j/, /h/. These are all voiceless at the beginning and end of words and next to another stop or fricative, and voiced between vowels and/or sonorants. /w/ is a bilabial fricative, very much like the Spanish /v/. /þ/ is like the English /th/ in /thin/. /x/ is like the English /sh/ in /shoe/. /j/ is like the German /ch/ in /ich/, though mispronouncing it like English /hu/ in /human/ is fine. /h/ is like the German /ch/ in /ach/. Mispronouncing it like the English /h/ in /house/ is fine. In some dialects these sounds are always voiced.


There are thirteen sonorants (''ansāorīki antāni''). These are /m/, /mm/, /n/, /nn/, /ñ/, /ññ/, /ŋ/, /ŋŋ/, /l/, /ll/, /λ/, /r/, and /rr/. These are almost always voiced, though various dialects will devoice these at the beginning of words. /m/ is pronounced like the Spanish /m/, /n/ like the Spanish /n/, and /ñ/ like the Spanish /ñ/. /ŋ/ is pronounced like the English /ng/ in /sing/. /l/ is pronounced like the Spanish /l/ in /la/, and /λ/ like the English /li/ in /million/. Standard /r/ is pronounced like the Spanish /rr/, but each dialect has its own pronunciation. The doubled versions are pronounced like the single versions, only the sound is sustained longer.
'''Notes''':
# /c/ is a palatal stop, but can be mispronounced as English /ch/ without any misunderstanding.
# /w/ is a bilabial fricative, very much like the Spanish /v/.
# /s/ is nowadays pronounced like English /s/, but used to be like German /z/ or /ts/.
# /j/ is like the German /ch/ in /ich/, though mispronouncing it like English /hu/ in /human/ is accepted.
# /h/ is like the German /ch/ in /ach/. Mispronouncing it like the English /h/ in /house/ is also accepted.


===Vowel===
===Vowel===
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