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|nativename = ጅቆለ <br />Jïqolä <br />Jïkolä <br />جقوله | |nativename = ጅቆለ <br />Jïqolä <br />Jïkolä <br />جقوله | ||
|pronunciation = d͡ʒɪˈkʼoˑlɐ | |pronunciation = d͡ʒɪˈkʼoˑlɐ | ||
|creator = | |creator = User:Shariifka | ||
| | |state = Ethiopia, Eritrea | ||
<!-- | <!-- | ||
|states = | |states = | ||
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|date = 2017 | |date = 2017 | ||
|familycolor=Niger-Congo | |familycolor=Niger-Congo | ||
|fam2=[[w:Atlantic–Congo languages|Atlantic–Congo]] | |fam2=[[w:Atlantic–Congo languages|Atlantic–Congo]] | ||
|fam3=[[w:Benue–Congo languages|Benue–Congo]] | |fam3=[[w:Benue–Congo languages|Benue–Congo]] | ||
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|iso2 = | |iso2 = | ||
|iso3 = --> | |iso3 = --> | ||
| | |script1 = Latn | ||
|script2 = Arab | |||
|script3 = Ethi | |||
<!-- | <!-- | ||
|agency = --> | |agency = --> | ||
| notice = ipa | |||
}} | }} | ||
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:e.g. class 3 ምጢ ''mïthí'' "tree" (stem: ''-thí'') → class 4 ምጢ ''mïthí'' or class 6 መምጢ ''mämthí'' "trees" | :e.g. class 3 ምጢ ''mïthí'' "tree" (stem: ''-thí'') → class 4 ምጢ ''mïthí'' or class 6 መምጢ ''mämthí'' "trees" | ||
::class 5 ዚጨ ''zíchä'' "eye" (stem: ''-íchä'') → class 6 ሜጨ ''méchä'' or መሜጨ ''mäméchä'' / መዚጨ ''mäzíchä'' "eyes" | ::class 5 ዚጨ ''zíchä'' "eye" (stem: ''-íchä'') → class 6 ሜጨ ''méchä'' or መሜጨ ''mäméchä'' / መዚጨ ''mäzíchä'' "eyes" | ||
::class 5 ዝት ''zḯtt'' "giant; great person" (stem: ''-́tt'') → class 6 መት ''mä́tt'' or class 2 ወመት '' | ::class 5 ዝት ''zḯtt'' "giant; great person" (stem: ''-́tt'') → class 6 መት ''mä́tt'' or class 2 ወመት ''wämä́tt'' / ወዝት ''wäzḯtt''<!-- were low --> "giants; great people" | ||
Younger speakers tend to add the prefixes to the noun's singular form, while older speakers add them to the plural forms or don't add them at all. In this article, the traditional plurals are used. | Younger speakers tend to add the prefixes to the noun's singular form, while older speakers add them to the plural forms or don't add them at all. In this article, the traditional plurals are used. | ||
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*The proximal and distal demonstratives can either take regular or extended pronominal concord prefixes. The extended prefixes provide extra emphasis. | *The proximal and distal demonstratives can either take regular or extended pronominal concord prefixes. The extended prefixes provide extra emphasis. | ||
*The referential pronoun generally uses the non-reduplicated form (identical to the clitic pronoun) in the presence of a prefix. | *The referential pronoun generally uses the non-reduplicated form (identical to the clitic pronoun) in the presence of a prefix. | ||
====Interrogatives==== | |||
<!-- add to dict--> | |||
*'''Without concord prefixes:''' | |||
**'''ጂ ''jí'':''' "what" | |||
**'''ቤ ''bé'':''' "where", "which", "where from" | |||
**'''ጒ ''gwí'':''' "around where", "where to" | |||
**'''ሚ ''mí'':''' "who" | |||
**'''ቤማኛ ''bemánya'':''' "when" | |||
**'''ግጂ ''gïjí'':''' "why" | |||
**'''ደጂ ''däjí'':''' "how" | |||
*'''With promnominal concord:''' | |||
**'''-ቃ ''-́qa'':''' "which" | |||
*'''With adjectival concord:''' | |||
**'''-ልገ ''-lḯggä'':''' "how much, how many" | |||
====Indefinite pronouns==== | |||
The indefinite pronouns are identical to the corresponding nouns. | |||
*'''ምት ''mḯtt'' (pl.: ወት ''wä́tt'')''': someone, anyone; person | |||
*'''ጅት ''jḯtt'' (pl.: ቭት ''vḯtt'')''': something, anything; thing | |||
*'''በት ''bä́tt'' (pl.: ግት ''gḯtt'')''': somewhere, anywhere; place, (''plural'') general area | |||
*'''ማኛ ''mánya'' (pl : ማኛ ''mánya'')''': some time, any time; time | |||
===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||
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**በ- ግጊሰ ''bä- gïgísä'': "because; because of" | **በ- ግጊሰ ''bä- gïgísä'': "because; because of" | ||
**በ- ኝማ ''bä- nyïmá'': "before; behind" | **በ- ኝማ ''bä- nyïmá'': "before; behind" | ||
**በ- በል ''bä- | **በ- በል ''bä- bä́l'': "after; in front of" | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
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| rarely || | | rarely || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| never || | | never || ስማኛ ''sïmánya'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ever || | | ever || ማኛ ''mánya'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| still, yet || | | still, yet || | ||
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| green || ዎጃን ''woján'' (-ኦጃን ''-oján'') <!--zïján = leaf; mäján = leaves, grass; wïján = greenery, grass from jánì, Swahili jani Zulu utshani--> | | green || ዎጃን ''woján'' (-ኦጃን ''-oján'') <!--zïján = leaf; mäján = leaves, grass; wïján = greenery, grass from jánì, Swahili jani Zulu utshani--> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| blue || ወዙል ''wäzúl'' (-አዙል ''-äzúl'');<!--zúl (act. zùl) is sky from gÙdÙ, also 7/8 heap and 11/12 hill and 3/4 top??--> ወሰማይ '' | | blue || ወዙል ''wäzúl'' (-አዙል ''-äzúl'');<!--zúl (act. zùl) is sky from gÙdÙ, also 7/8 heap and 11/12 hill and 3/4 top??--> ወሰማይ ''wäsämáy'' (-አሰማይ ''-äsämáy'') | ||
|- | |- | ||
| pink || ወወርዲ ''wäwä́rdi'' (-አወርዲ ''-äwä́rdi'') | | pink || ወወርዲ ''wäwä́rdi'' (-አወርዲ ''-äwä́rdi'') | ||