Lakovic languages
- Not to be confused with the Lahob languages.
| Lakovic | |
|---|---|
| Created by | – |
| Geographic distribution | Talma, Bjeheond, Etalocin |
| Linguistic classification | One of Tricin's primary language families |
| Proto-language | Proto-Lakovic |
| Subdivisions |
|
The Lakovic languages (/ləˈkoʊvɪk/ luh-KOHV-ik; Eevo: brits Lycóov; Rhythoed: fi imbrits Lăcoaf) are a language family native to Talma.
Todo
Other (short) suffixes?
Phylogeny
- Proto-Lakovic
- Old Windermere
- Classical Windermere
- a Scots analog
- Tergetian
- Ksieħ
- Western Bjeheondian
- Tumhanian
- Old Windermere
Proto-Lakovic phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Lateral | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ŋ /ŋ/ | |||||
| "Stop" | plain | p /p/ | t /t/ | k /k/ | ʔ /ʔ/ | |||
| spirant | f /f/ | þ /θ/ | x /x/ | |||||
| Fricative | s /s̻/ | š /s̺/ | ś /ɬ/ | h /h/ | ||||
| Affricate | c /ts̻/ | č /ts̺/ | ć /tɬ/ | |||||
| Approximant | w /w/ | r /r/ | l /l/ | y /j/ | ||||
Vowels
Proto-Lakovic had 6 vowels and register tone:
i ü u e o a = /i y u e o a/
ì ǜ ù è ò à = /i y u e o a/ + breathy voice
Phonotactics
Final consonant clusters were allowed, unlike in Windermere.
Stress
Stress was likely on the final syllable.
Proto-Lakovic morphology
Nouns
- direct case marker: id-
- indirect case marker: how-
Verbs and adjectives
Verbs and adjectives agreed with nouns in gender. For example:
- šmer toʔ = a good man (m);
- ʔama toʔs = a good mother (f)
Gender agreement was lost in most descendants, except in Tergetian and the West Bjeheondian languages.
TODO: triggers, aspects
Numbers
check Æ tone reflexes
- first, breathy voice gives 3/1 vs 2/4 split
- then final consonants and voicing gives various outcomes
| Proto-Lakovic | Talman | Western Bjeheondian | Tumhanian | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Windermere Lăcoaf |
Tergetian | Tsjoen Tsjoen |
Häskä | Schong | Æ | |
| *àtòn "one" | doan | dun | tů3 | |||
| *raþ "two" | rath | rat | ra2 | |||
| *sciw "three" | stiw | sju | tjy4 | |||
| *mšàx "four" | smech | mpjeoh | zjær3 | |||
| *imǜc "five" | müets | mjoets | vu2 | |||
| *tax "six" | tach | dah | tar1 | |||
| *àpòþ "seven" | boath | but | po3 | |||
| *słàp "eight" | łep | xjeop | læ̊1 | |||
| *ʔlòy "nine" | loay | eoloe | lø3 | |||
| *θaf "ten" | thaf | tav | tå2 | |||
| *suyàw "eleven" | săyew | sjo | sø3 | |||
| *srüx "twelve" | srüch | sryh | rur2 | |||
Derivational morphology
- Breathy voice ablaut: nominalization (f)
- pì-~pù- = agentive (m)
Proto-Lakovic syntax
Proto-Lakovic had flexible word order, but the most common word order was VSO.