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Lesson:Metin/1: Sounds and declarative sentences: Difference between revisions
Lesson:Metin/1: Sounds and declarative sentences (view source)
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==The sounds of Metin== | ==The sounds of Metin== | ||
Metin is famous among foreign learners for being the language "which knots the tongue and breaks the jaw." This reputation is not entirely undeserved, allthough the language does not confound learners with nonpulmonic consonants, it contains both retroflex, lateral, and palatal sounds, requiring much tongue acrobatics. | Metin is famous among foreign learners for being the language "which knots the tongue and breaks the jaw." This reputation is not entirely undeserved, allthough the language does not confound learners with nonpulmonic consonants, it contains both retroflex, lateral, and palatal sounds, requiring much tongue acrobatics. | ||
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y is always pronounced as in "yes" | y is always pronounced as in "yes" | ||
w is pronounced with narrowed lips, sometimes sounding like | w is pronounced with narrowed lips, sometimes sounding like a v. | ||
l is always pronounced as in "lake", never as in "cold" even at the end of words. | l is always pronounced as in "lake", never as in "cold" even at the end of words. | ||
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s and z sound for the most part like english s and z, but occasionaly the s will be prounounced like the th in "think", and z the th in "the". | s and z sound for the most part like english s and z, but occasionaly the s will be prounounced like the th in "think", and z the th in "the". | ||
sy and zy sound like the sounds in "shop" and "treasure" respectively. | sy and zy sound like the sounds in "shop" and "treasure" respectively. | ||
S and Z sound similar to sh and zh, but they are pronounced with the tongue tapping the top of the mouth, like with r. | S and Z sound similar to sh and zh, but they are pronounced with the tongue tapping the top of the mouth, like with r. | ||
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ł is pronounced as in navajo or welsh. It sounds sort of like saying h and l at the same time. | ł is pronounced as in navajo or welsh. It sounds sort of like saying h and l at the same time. | ||
s', z', ś', , t', c', j', d', dh', jh', zh', n', y' and zyh' are lateral sounds. To pronounce lateral s', place the tip of the tongue at the base of the bottom teeth, and the middle of the tongue against the front teeth, then attempt to make an s sound. t', d', and dh' are pronounced in the same manner, only this time, completely block the airflow with your tongue to make a popping sound. sy' is peonounced like s', except the tongue is also raised in the middle, to make a y sound simultaneously. c', j', y', and their derivations are pronounced in the same manner. If your mouth is forced farther open than is comfortable trying to make these sounds, you're doing it right. | s', z', ś', , t', c', j', d', dh', jh', zh', n', y' and zyh' are lateral sounds. To pronounce lateral s', place the tip of the tongue at the base of the bottom teeth, and the middle of the tongue against the front teeth, then attempt to make an s sound. t', d', and dh' are pronounced in the same manner, only this time, completely block the airflow with your tongue to make a popping sound. sy' is peonounced like s', except the tongue is also raised in the middle, to make a y sound simultaneously. c', j', y', and their derivations are pronounced in the same manner. If your mouth is forced farther open than is comfortable trying to make these sounds, you're doing it right. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
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ë is pronounced as in "but" | ë is pronounced as in "but" | ||
ï is pronounced like the korean "ue", | ï is pronounced like the korean "ue", | ||
sort of like the english "look." | sort of like the english "look." | ||
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Vowels with an apostrophe are pronounced like they have a y' after them. aa' could just as easily be written aay'. | Vowels with an apostrophe are pronounced like they have a y' after them. aa' could just as easily be written aay'. | ||
Vowels written double are pronounced for twice as | Vowels written double are pronounced for twice as long | ||
"uu" takes twice as log to say as "u" | "uu" takes twice as log to say as "u" | ||
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==Declarative sentences== | ==Declarative sentences== | ||
Declarative sentences are by far the simplest element of Metin syntax. They are used to state that one noun is another, as in English "That is a fish." | Declarative sentences are by far the simplest element of Metin syntax. They are used to state that one noun is another, as in English "That is a fish." | ||
To translate such a sentence into Metin, first add "Dhaa", then the two nouns which are the same. | |||
Examples: | Examples: | ||
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Dhaa sime sita | Dhaa sime sita | ||
DEC | DEC person this | ||
This is a person | This is a person | ||
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sy'aZa, sy'ata, sy'ate are used for nouns starting with sy'a, etc. | sy'aZa, sy'ata, sy'ate are used for nouns starting with sy'a, etc. | ||
==Practice== | ==Practice== | ||
sime: person | sime: person sit'is: child | ||
sitxa: man, boy | sitxa: man, boy sibhi: woman, girl | ||
sisuh: friend, fellow sifen: his/ her sister | sisuh: friend, fellow sifen: his/ her sister | ||
sitlen: his/her brother | sitlen: his/her brother | ||
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sy'aqum: garden, park | sy'aqum: garden, park | ||
fïy'oa: table fïji: branch, stick fïgoon: chair, | fïy'oa: table fïji: branch, stick fïgoon: chair, bench | ||
miji: | miji: wood | ||
ta, sita, fïta, mita: this (at hand) | ta, sita, fïta, mita: this (at hand) | ||
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2.) The friend is not Txen. | 2.) The friend is not Txen. | ||
3.) The table is not | 3.) The table is not wooden | ||
4.) That child is not Bhii's sister (sifen | 4.) That child is not Bhii's sister (sifen suobhii'l) | ||
5.) This house (where we stand) is not Txen's (suootxen) | 5.) This house (where we stand) is not Txen's (suootxen) | ||
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==Final notes== | ==Final notes== | ||
Sometimes in declarative sentences the Dhaa is ommitted, and left to context, so frequently (particularily in informal conversations), you will here sentences like "fïy'oa miji" (the table is wooden) instead of "Dhaa fïy'oa miji". | Sometimes in declarative sentences the Dhaa is ommitted, and left to context, so frequently (particularily in informal conversations), you will here sentences like "fïy'oa miji" (the table is wooden) instead of "Dhaa fïy'oa miji". | ||
[[Category:Conlangs]][[Category:Metin]][[Category:Lessons]][[Category:Metin lessons]] | |||