Norþimris: Difference between revisions

Norþimris (view source)

Revision as of 21:16, 21 November 2016

51 bytes removed , 21 November 2016

→‎Orthography

Psammead

801

edits

@@ Line 175: / Line 175: @@
 ''a b c d ð e f g h i l m n o p r s t þ u w x y z''
-The letters ''j, k, q'' and ''v'' do not occur, except in unassimilated borrowings.
+The letters ''j, k, q'' and ''v'' do not occur, except in unassimilated borrowings. The letters ''ð'' (called ''eð'') and ''þ'' (''þorn'') are retained from the runic alphabet.
 The orthography is almost entirely phonemic, except notably in the case of ''s'', the pronunciation of which is not always predictable in final position. The following table gives all the relevant values of the letters and digraphs.
@@ Line 188: / Line 188: @@
 |
 |-
-| ''au''
+| rowspan="2" | ''au''
 | /oː/
-| style="text-align:left;" | sometimes /aː/ in parts of the W
+|
+|-
+| /a/
+| style="text-align:left;" | before word-final ''h''
 |-
 | ''b''
@@ Line 210: / Line 213: @@
 | ''d''
 | /d/
-|
+| style="text-align:left;" | word-final ''nd'' tends to become /nt/ or /nː/ (e.g. ''Ingland'' /ɪŋlənː/)
 |-
 | ''ð''
 | /ð/
 |
 |-
 | ''e''
@@ Line 221: / Line 224: @@
 |-
 | rowspan="2" | ''ea''
-| /eː/
+| /eə/
-| style="text-align:left;" | tending towards /eə/
+| style="text-align:left;" |
 |-
 | /ja/
-| style="text-align:left;" | often word initially or after initial /h/, particularly in N & W (e.g. ''ean'' 'one' /jan/, ''heam'' /hjam/)
+| style="text-align:left;" | often word initially or after initial /h/ (e.g. ''ean'' 'one' /jan/, ''heam'' /hjam/)
 |-
 | ''ee''
-| /iː/
+| /iə/
-| style="text-align:left;" | often /iə/ in N & W
+| style="text-align:left;" |
 |-
 | ''ei''
+| /ij/
+| style="text-align:left;" |
+|-
+| ''eu''
 | /iə/
-| style="text-align:left;" | but /iː/ in open syllables (e.g. ''sei'' 'sea'). Often /ei/ in N & W
-|-
-| ''eo''
-| /iː/
 | style="text-align:left;" | /ɪu̯/ in areas bordering Scotland
 |-
@@ Line 258: / Line 261: @@
 |
 |-
-| rowspan="3" | ''h''
+| rowspan="2" | ''h''
 | /h/
 | style="text-align:left;" | initially
 |-
 | /f/
-| style="text-align:left;" | medially and finally; tends to become /x/ in the far N
+| style="text-align:left;" | finally following ''u''
-|-
-| Ø
-| style="text-align:left;" | generally before ''-t''
 |-
 | ''i''
@@ Line 272: / Line 272: @@
 |
 |-
-| rowspan="2" | ''ie''
+| ''ie''
 | /ɪ/
 | style="text-align:left;" | word-finally in unstressed syllables, notably the endings ''-ie, -lie'' (e.g. ''nouhtie'' 'poor').
-|-
-| /iː/
-| style="text-align:left;" | in stressed position
 |-
 | ''iy''
@@ Line 307: / Line 304: @@
 |
 |-
-| ''ou''
+| rowspan="2" | ''ou''
 | /ɔu̯/
 |
+|-
+| /ʊ/
+| style="text-align:left;" | before word-final ''h''
 |-
 | ''p''
@@ Line 330: / Line 330: @@
 |-
 | ''sc''
-| /ʃ/
+| /sk/
 |
 |-
-| ''sk''
+| ''sch''
-| /sk/
+| /ʃ/
-| style="text-align:left;" | the only permitted use of ''k'' in native words
+|
 |-
 | ''ss''
@@ Line 349: / Line 349: @@
 |
 |-
-| ''u''
+| rowspan="2" | ''u''
 | /ʊ/
 |
+|-
+| /ə/
+| style="text-align:left;" | in final, unstressed syllables
 |-
 | ''uu''
-| /uː ~ ʊu̯/
+| /ʊw/
 |
 |-
@@ Line 371: / Line 374: @@
 | ''z''
 | /t͡s/
-| style="text-align:left;" | used mostly in borrowed words
+| style="text-align:left;" | rare, used mostly in borrowed words
 |}
 <br>
 Notes:
-* the only letter which should present any difficulty to the reader is <''s''>, the pronunciation of which is not always predictable. In this article, voiceless /s/ will be written <''ṡ''> where confusion may arise (e.g. ''huuṡ'' 'house', ''riyṡ'' 'rice').
+* the pronunciation of <''s''> is not always predictable from its environment. In this article, voiceless /s/ will be written <''ṡ''> where confusion may arise (e.g. ''huyṡ'' 'house', ''riyṡ'' 'rice').
 ==Grammar==