Pategian

Lexicon

Cascadian Turkic (süötüptün tili or süötüptünẓü) is a Turkic language spoken in User:IlL/Lõis's Pacific Northwest.

Phonology

All letters are pronounced as in Turkish, except:

• e is always /ɛ/ [e̞ ~ ɛ], never /æ/;
• ı is typically [ə ~ ʌ̈];
• r is /ɹ/ or /ɻ/;
• ŕ is /r/;
• ȼ is /ɬ/;
• ŋ is /ŋ/; and
• ẓ is /ʒ/.

The letters w /w/ and y /y/ are used in foreign words. In addition, educated speakers often make a distinction between the native phonemes h /h/ and k /k/, and the phonemes ḥ /x/ and ḳ /q/ respectively, which can be found in Eskimo and Salish loans.

Vowel harmony

The symbols X and O denote two underspecified vowels. X can be i, ı, u or ü, and O can be e, a, o or ö.

Morphology

Nouns

Cascadian Turkic has 6 cases:

Case	Nominative	Genitive	Accusative	Locative	Ablative	Dative
Ending		-(n)O	-(n)X	-dX/-tX	-dXn/-tXn	-kX, -ŋX after a vowel

The plural is -lXŕ.

Unusually for a Turkic language, first and second person possessives are prefixes.

Person	Singular	Plural
1	be-	rim-
2	ȼe-	re-

The third person possessive is a suffix: -(s)X. -sX may be abbreviated to -s.

Verbs

• Simple present: -(X)ŕ-, negative -mXr-
• Present continuous: -bie-, negative -mXbie-
• Past: -dX/tX-, negative -mXdX-
• Evidential past: -mXs-, negative -mXmXs-
• Future: -(X)ẓXŋ-, negative -mXẓXŋ-

Here are the personal suffixes:

Person	Singular	Plural
1	-mXn	-mXr
2	-sXn	-sXr
3	-Ø/-dXŕ/-tXŕ	-Ø/-lXŕ

These work somewhat differently in the present continuous tense:

Person	Singular	Plural
1	-biemin	-biemir
2	-biesin	-biesir
3	-bier	-bier/-bieliŕ

In the future tense and in predicative sentences (where these suffixes are attached to nouns or adjectives), -sXn and -sXr become -ȼXn and -ȼXr respectively. The suffix -dXŕ/tXŕ may be used for third person predicatives.

The existential verb 'there is' is bıaŕ, negative ẓuok.

The root tut- can be used with the meaning 'to have'.

Some non-Turkic words

Süötüptün = the Pacific Northwest, from Lushootseed "swátixʷtəd" (earth)

tsımetmik = to pick berries, from Lushootseed "c’əb"

tsımẓı = berry picker (-ẓı ~ Turkish -cı)

shıwın = blackberry, from Lushootseed "sx̌əgʷəd"