Proto-Hlou-Shum: Difference between revisions
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| Line 115: | Line 115: | ||
#''*ʔ=ʔ'' > ''*ʔ'' | #''*ʔ=ʔ'' > ''*ʔ'' | ||
#''*mʔ, *nʔ, *lʔ, *rʔ'' > ''mp, nt, lt, rt''; ''*mh, *nh, *lh, *rh'' > ''mf, nth, lth, rth'' | #''*mʔ, *nʔ, *lʔ, *rʔ'' > ''mp, nt, lt, rt''; ''*mh, *nh, *lh, *rh'' > ''mf, nth, lth, rth'' | ||
#''nr'' > ''ndr'', ''lr'' > ''ldr'' | #''*nr'' > ''ndr'', ''*lr'' > ''ldr'' | ||
#''*=ʔ'' > word-final tonic syllable | #''*=ʔ'' > word-final tonic syllable | ||
#coronal obstruent + sibilant<sub>i</sub> > sibilant<sub>i</sub>sibilant<sub>i</sub> | #coronal obstruent + sibilant<sub>i</sub> > sibilant<sub>i</sub>sibilant<sub>i</sub> | ||
#CC[+resonant]{C, #} > CyC[+resonant]{C, #} | #CC[+resonant]{C, #} > CyC[+resonant]{C, #} | ||
#*Cyı{C, #} > Ci{C, #} | |||
#CC[-resonant]C > CiC[-resonant]C | #CC[-resonant]C > CiC[-resonant]C | ||
#''ıy[ː]'' > ''i[ː]'' | #''ıy[ː]'' > ''i[ː]'' | ||
| Line 128: | Line 128: | ||
#''*tk'', ''*ck'' ''*tkʰ/ckʰ'' > ''cht'', ''chŧ'', ''cth'' | #''*tk'', ''*ck'' ''*tkʰ/ckʰ'' > ''cht'', ''chŧ'', ''cth'' | ||
#''*q'' | #''*q'' | ||
#*> ''ħ'' / _{''t'', ''ŧ''} | |||
#*> ''v'' / _C[+voiced +obstruent] | |||
#''*ʁ'' | #''*ʁ'' | ||
#*> ''ħ'' except... | |||
#*> ''v'' / _C[+voiced] or _V[+close] | |||
[[Category:Diachronics]] | [[Category:Diachronics]] | ||
Revision as of 03:57, 2 April 2014
Proto-Talsmic phonology
Consonant inventory
| Proto-Talsmic reconstructed consonants | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||
| Nasal | *m | *n | ||||||
| Plosive | voiceless | *p | *t | *c | *k | *q | *ʔ | |
| voiced | *b | *d | *ɟ | *g | ||||
| aspirated | *pʰ | *tʰ | *cʰ | *kʰ | *qʰ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | *s | *ç | *h | ||||
| voiced | *z | *ƶ | *ʁ | |||||
| Approximant | *w | *j | ||||||
| Trill | *r | |||||||
| Lateral app. | *l | |||||||
/qʰ/ may have been realized as an affricate, [qχ].
Vocalic inventory
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | *i *ī | *u *ū | |
| Mid | *e *ē | *o *ō | |
| Open | *a *ā |
Phonological laws
- *ʔ=ʔ > *ʔ
- *mʔ, *nʔ, *lʔ, *rʔ > mp, nt, lt, rt; *mh, *nh, *lh, *rh > mf, nth, lth, rth
- *nr > ndr, *lr > ldr
- *=ʔ > word-final tonic syllable
- coronal obstruent + sibilanti > sibilantisibilanti
- CC[+resonant]{C, #} > CyC[+resonant]{C, #}
- Cyı{C, #} > Ci{C, #}
- CC[-resonant]C > CiC[-resonant]C
- ıy[ː] > i[ː]
- z > r / V_C[-semivowel, +voiced, ~{/z/}]
- h > [ː~] / _C[+fricative]
- *ʔ > [ː~] / _C
- c > ch / _{d, t, ŧ}
- *tk, *ck *tkʰ/ckʰ > cht, chŧ, cth
- *q
- > ħ / _{t, ŧ}
- > v / _C[+voiced +obstruent]
- *ʁ
- > ħ except...
- > v / _C[+voiced] or _V[+close]