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→‎Roots and Stems

Psammead

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 ==Grammar==
 ===Roots and Stems===
-The basic element of the Kelt word is a root, usually mono- or disyllabic, which has a basic meaning but does not belong to a particular part of speech.
+The basic element of the Kelt word is a mono- or disyllabic '''root''', which has a basic meaning (or set of meanings) but does not belong to a particular part of speech, e.g. ''LAAN'' "air; breathe", ''NEH'' "old; to be old; old man/woman/thing".
-Words are transformed into particular parts of speech with the addition of affixes.
+Roots may be extended with derivational affixes to create longer '''stems'''. Affixes include the diminutive ''-ap'' (e.g. ''putap'' "little man" < PUT "man") or the noun ending ''-t'' (e.g. ''kelt'' "language" < KEL "speak").
-There are two basic patterns of relationship:
+Roots and stems are transformed into different parts of speech (nouns, adjectives, verbs, prepositions etc.) either through the addition of inflectional affixes or through syntax. These will be discussed in more detail in the sections below.
-# '''Noun/Verb''' in which the verb root indicates an action performed with or using the noun (e.g. ''HEEN'' means "to see" and "eye")
-# '''Adjective/Verb''' in which the verb root indicates the state of being the adjective (e.g. ''SUUP'' means "to be large" and "large"). From this a noun may be formed indicating an object that represents the adjective (e.g. ''SUUP'' "a big thing").
-Roots may be extended with derivational affixes to create longer stems, such as the diminutive ''-ap'' (e.g. ''putap'' "little man" < PUT) or the noun ending ''-t'' (e.g. ''kelt'' "language" < KEL "speak").
+There are two basic patterns of relationship governing how the meaning of a root or stem appears in different parts of speech:
+# '''Noun/Verb''' in which the verb root indicates an action performed with or using the noun (e.g. ''HEEN'' means "to see" and "eye");
+# '''Adjective/Verb''' in which the verb root indicates the state of being the adjective (e.g. ''SUUP'' means "to be large" and "large"). From this a noun may be formed indicating an object that represents the adjective (e.g. ''SUUP'' "a big thing").
 ===Personal Prefixes===