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Pulqer/Kelt: Difference between revisions
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→Roots and Stems
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==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
===Roots and Stems=== | ===Roots and Stems=== | ||
The basic element of the Kelt word is a | The basic element of the Kelt word is a mono- or disyllabic '''root''', which has a basic meaning (or set of meanings) but does not belong to a particular part of speech, e.g. ''LAAN'' "air; breathe", ''NEH'' "old; to be old; old man/woman/thing". | ||
Roots may be extended with derivational affixes to create longer '''stems'''. Affixes include the diminutive ''-ap'' (e.g. ''putap'' "little man" < PUT "man") or the noun ending ''-t'' (e.g. ''kelt'' "language" < KEL "speak"). | |||
Roots and stems are transformed into different parts of speech (nouns, adjectives, verbs, prepositions etc.) either through the addition of inflectional affixes or through syntax. These will be discussed in more detail in the sections below. | |||
There are two basic patterns of relationship governing how the meaning of a root or stem appears in different parts of speech: | |||
# '''Noun/Verb''' in which the verb root indicates an action performed with or using the noun (e.g. ''HEEN'' means "to see" and "eye"); | |||
# '''Adjective/Verb''' in which the verb root indicates the state of being the adjective (e.g. ''SUUP'' means "to be large" and "large"). From this a noun may be formed indicating an object that represents the adjective (e.g. ''SUUP'' "a big thing"). | |||
===Personal Prefixes=== | ===Personal Prefixes=== | ||