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====Adjectival and derivational use of class prefixes==== | |||
Class prefixes in saKalurilut may be commonly switched, especially with roots that are typically used in a single class, in order to derive an adjectival meaning. ''-ttungaq'' (sunset, West) and ''-narviut'' (sunrise, East) are two striking examples: | |||
* ''saisivat'' "road"; ''rungaq'' "culture" ''ittungaq'' "sunset, West"; ''inarviut'' "sunrise, East" | |||
* ''saisivat sattungaq'' "Western road"; ''saisivat sanarviut'' "Eastern road" | |||
** ''tuuisivat tuuttungaq'' "Western roads"; ''tuuisivat tuunarviut'' "Eastern roads" | |||
* ''rungaq ruttungaq'' "Western culture"; ''rungaq runarviut'' "Eastern culture" | |||
** ''iqangaq iqattungaq'' "Western cultures"; ''iqangaq iqanarviut'' "Eastern cultures" | |||
Another common use of class prefixes is derivational: different words may be derived just by putting a single root in different classes. So for example we have ''kaKalurilut'' (a Kalurilut person), ''saKalurilut'' (the Kalurilut language), ''iKalurilut'' (the Kalurilut land), or ''ruKalurilut'' (Kalurilut-ness, or their ethnic identity); in the previous example, ''rungaq'' and its plural ''iqangaq'' are formed by putting in class 11/12 the root ''-ngaq'', that in class 1/2 gives ''kangaq'', ''sungaq'' (person, people). Sometimes they're less obvious synchronically, e.g. ''tutavik'' (wolf) and ''rutavik'' (moon). | |||
Derivation is especially common with verbal roots: | |||
* class 13: ''tiingiupaq'' "to pass, cross (intr.)" | |||
* class 9/10: ''ingiup'' "passage", ''ittungiup'' "passages" | |||
* class 1/2: ''kangiup'' "traveller", ''sungiup'' "travellers" | |||
* class 3/4: ''tungiup'' "migratory bird", ''nangriup'' "migratory birds" | |||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||