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Schlaub (view source)

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Hlou liberally uses Easter eggs.
Hlou liberally uses Easter eggs.
==Background==
==Background==
As folk etymology has it, the name of the Hlou (''Schlaub'') people comes from the word ''schlaub'' 'temperate', thus 'of the temperate lands'.


==Diachronics==
==Diachronics==
Hlou merged Proto-Hlou-Shum ''ai au'' with ''ei ou'' into ''ei au'' /əɪ əʊ/. Even ''i u'' in some open syllables turned into ''ei au''.
Hlou merged Proto-Hlou-Shum ''ai au'' with ''ei ou'' into ''ei au'' /əɨ əʊ/. Even ''i u'' in some open syllables turned into ''ei au''.


Glottal stop finals (''-h'' in Schngellstein's spelling) come from Proto-Hlou-Shum final stops.
Glottal stop finals (''-h'' in Schngellstein's spelling) come from Proto-Hlou-Shum final stops.
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===Standard===
===Standard===
====Vowels====
====Vowels====
Hlou has 5 basic vowel qualities, but also has a number of diphthongs and nasal vowels.
Hlou has 6 basic vowel qualities, but also has a number of diphthongs and nasal vowels.


a e i o u ä ö = /a e i o u ã~ɛ̃ õ/
a e i ie o u ä ö = /a e i ɨ o u ã~ɛ̃ õ/


ah eh ih oh uh äh öh = /aʔ eʔ .../ [only occurs with -Ø, -n tones]
ah eh ih oh uh äh öh = /aʔ eʔ .../ [only occurs with -Ø, -n tones]


ei ie au äu = /əi iə əu əũ/
ei au äu = /əi əu əũ/


====Consonants====
====Consonants====
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| '''schr''' ʂ
| '''schr''' ʂ
|  
|  
| '''sch''' ɧ
| '''sch''' ɧ~x
|  
|  
| '''schw''' ʍ
| '''schw''' ʍ
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| '''-b'''
| '''-b'''
| high level / high falling (55~53)
| high level / high falling (55~53)
| ''Laub'' /ləu˥˧/ 'spring (season)'
| ''Laub'' /ləu˥˧/ 'leaf'
|-
|-
| '''-d'''
| '''-d'''
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Hlou is analytic and SVO, and is head-initial:
Hlou is analytic and SVO, and is head-initial:
:'''''Die Wug mpes Nän sein.'''''
:'''''Die Wug mpes Nän sein.'''''
:/tiə˧ wṳ˧ ᵐpʰe˨˦ nɛ̃˨˩ s̺əi˨˩/
:/tɨ˧ wṳ˧ ᵐpʰe˨˦ nɛ̃˨˩ s̺əi˨˩/
:INDEF bird_species drink water PROG
:INDEF bird_species drink water PROG
:''A wug is drinking water.''
:''A wug is drinking water.''


:'''''Xan flog Dsied bis Tu Mäb.'''''
:'''''Xan flog Dsied bis Tu Mäb.'''''
:/ʃa˨˩ flo̤˧ ts̺iə˧˩ pi˨˦ tʰu˧mɛ̃˥˩/
:/ʃa˨˩ flo̤˧ ts̺ɨ˧˩ pi˨˦ tʰu˧mɛ̃˥˩/
:1SG have home in Tumhan
:1SG have home in Tumhan
:''I live in Tumhan.''
:''I live in Tumhan.''
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:''We speak about love and hate.''
:''We speak about love and hate.''


we love him so we are welcoming him
:'''''Dahn mpfein so, ab dahn nkeiß Mbob so sein.'''''
= Dahn mpfein so ab dahn nkeid zu Ba so sein (1PL love 3SG.anim CONJ 1PL celebrate VN come 3SG.anim PRES.PROG)
:1PL love 3SG.A CONJ 1PL receive face 3SG.A PRES.PROG
:''We love him so we are welcoming him.''


===Pronouns===
===Pronouns===
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|-
|-
! Pronominal
! Pronominal
|| nab || naus || nein/nin || nan
|| nab || naus || nein, nin || nan
|-
|-
! Place
! Place
|| drab || draus || drein/drin || dran
|| drab || draus || drein, drin || dran
|-
|-
! Manner/Extent
! Manner/Extent
|| rab || raus || rein/rin || ran
|| rab || raus || rein, rin || ran
|}
|}


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===Prepositions===
===Prepositions===
*bis = in, at
*bis = in, at
*in = of
*je = from
*je = from
*nun = for
*nun = for
*ob = vocative
*ob = vocative
*weg = about
*weg = about
*wie = to
*wi = away from
*be = to
*schon = ago


===Auxiliaries===
===Auxiliaries===
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===Particles===
===Particles===
*sein = present progressive
*sein = present progressive
**Present progressive can also be formed by reduplicating the verb
*hin = past
*hin = past
*bei = future
*bei = future
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*da = exclamatory
*da = exclamatory
*eh = negative
*eh = negative
*schon = prohibitive
*doh = prohibitive
*los = inchoative
*los = inchoative
*man = emphatic
*man = emphatic
*wein = (literary) alas!
**wein xan = woe is me


===Conjunctions===
===Conjunctions===
*an = and
*an = and
*in = or (Finnish tai)
*schaub = or (Finnish tai)
*schweil = or (Finnish vai)
*schweis = or (Finnish vai)
*leid = but
*leid = but
*von = relative clause
*von = relative clause
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===Nouns===
===Nouns===
ein = definite article
ein = definite article
wie = specific article


die = indefinite article
die = indefinite article
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:3SG.AN son two ten year_of_age
:3SG.AN son two ten year_of_age
:He is 20 years old.
:He is 20 years old.
==="The more... the more..."===
:X X SUBJ1, Y Y SUBJ2
:"The more SUBJ X's, the more SUBJ2 Y's."
:'''''Xan eh zaun Wiß j'ein zu Treig Treig. Schmein schmein xan, wäud wäud xan läß.'''''
:1SG NEG receive understanding from DEF INF happen happen. run run 1SG, become become 1SG fat.
:''I don't understand what's going on. The more I run, the fatter I get.''


===Schm-reduplication===
===Schm-reduplication===
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*PHS ''s-''
*PHS ''s-''
**''Schlähn'' 'tribe' < ''lähn'' 'three'
**''Schlähn'' 'tribe' < ''lähn'' 'three'
**''schlaub'' 'temperate' < ''Laub'' 'spring'
**''Schlaub'' 'year' < ''Laub'' 'leaf'
**''Schwiß'' 'plain' < ''wiß'' 'flat'
**''Schwiß'' 'plain' < ''biß'' 'flat'
*PHS ''-ʔ'' (reflected by tone change)
*PHS ''-ʔ'' (reflected by tone change)
**''-∅'' > ''-b'': ''Laub'' 'spring' < ''lau'' 'to plant'
**''-g'' > ''-d'': ''Lied'' 'art song' < ''lieg'' 'to tell a lie; (''obsolete'') to express'
**''-g'' > ''-d'': ''Lied'' 'art song' < ''lieg'' 'to tell a lie; (''obsolete'') to express'
==Vocabulary==
Hlou vocabulary is mostly native. Many words can't be related to words in other Hlou-Shum languages, however.
===Four-character phrases===
Hlou, like Chinese, has "4-character phrases".
*''Ntzuh Vöhn Schraus Ndob'' 'the best laid schemes of mice and men often go awry' (lit. schemes of mouse and plans of man)
*''Ndleiß Beig Gluhn Schnoh'' 'opulent luxury' (lit. gold, gem, carmine, spice)


==Poetry==
==Poetry==
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|
|
<poem>
<poem>
[ᵐpɸəi˨˩ ʍiə˧ ʔəi˨˩ ⁿts̪ʰãʔ˥ ʔa˥˧ ts̺ʰu˥˩]
[ᵐpɸəi˨˩ ʍɨ˧ ʔəi˨˩ ⁿts̪ʰãʔ˥ ʔa˥˧ ts̺ʰu˥˩]
[ləi˧˩ we˨˩ plə̃u˧ˀ˥ ʈa˨˩ ma˦˥ ɬu˥˩ vo˨˩ ʈɬi˨˩]
[ləi˧˩ we˨˩ plə̃u˧ˀ˥ ʈa˨˩ ma˦˥ ɬu˥˩ vo˨˩ ʈɬi˨˩]
[vã˧˩ mləi˥˩ we̤˧ tiə˧ kləi˧ˀ˥ hi˨˩]
[vã˧˩ mləi˥˩ we̤˧ tɨ˧ kləi˧ˀ˥ hi˨˩]
[ɻəu˨˥ ʔəi˨˩ pɸeʔ˥ nu˨˩ ʂa˧ˀ˥ ʃi˨˩ tʰau˥˧ tɬʰu˥˩]
[ɻəu˨˥ ʔəi˨˩ pɸeʔ˥ nu˨˩ ʂa˧ˀ˥ ʃi˨˩ tʰau˥˧ tɬʰu˥˩]
</poem>
</poem>
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===Burns stanza===
===Burns stanza===
The Burns stanza is a modern invention in Hlou poetry. Its compact style is inspired by [[Dodellian]] poetry.
A variant of the Burns stanza is another traditional Hlou meter.
<poem>
<poem>
''Tlan hei Drlah Mbaus,''
''Tlan hei Drlah Mbaus,''
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===Tower of Babel===
===Tower of Babel===
:''Bis Ndreib nin ein Xab dzeb flog die Ntzog an die zu Wes meib hin.''
:''Bis Ndreib nin ein Xab dzeb flog die Ntzog an die zu Wes meib hin.''
:/pi˨˥ ᶯɖəi˥˧ ni˨˩ ʔəi˨˩ ʃa˦˥ ts̪e˥˧ flo&#804;˧ tiə˧ ⁿts̪ʰo&#804;˧ ʔəu˨˥ tiə˧ s̪u˧we˦˥ məi˥˧ hi˨˩/
:/pi˨˥ ᶯɖəi˥˧ ni˨˩ ʔəi˨˩ ʃa˦˥ ts̪e˥˧ flo&#804;˧ tɨ˧ ⁿts̪ʰo&#804;˧ ʔəu˨˥ tɨ˧ s̪u˧we˦˥ məi˥˧ hi˨˩/
:LOC time that DEF world whole have INDEF language CONJ INDEF VN speak common PAST
:LOC time that DEF world whole have INDEF language CONJ INDEF VN speak common PAST
:Now the whole world had one language and a common speech.
:Now the whole world had one language and a common speech.


:''Leid [bis Glied] zu Ndxub an ein Ndob Ndob wie Schnähn zug raug die Schwiß bis Xi-Na an [nlub man] drein hin.''
:''Leid [bis Glied] zu Ndxub an ein Ndob Ndob be Schnähn zug raug die Schwiß bis Xi-Na an [nlub man] drein hin.''
:/ləi˧˩ pi˨˥ kliə˧˩ s̪u˧ⁿdʒu˥˧ ʔa˨˩ ʔəi˨˩ ⁿdo˦˥ⁿdo˦˥ wiə˧ n̥ãʔ˩ s̪u&#804;˧ ɻə&#804;u˧ tiə˧ ʍi˧ˀ˥ pi˧˩ ʃi˧na˧ ʔəu˧˩ nlu˥˧ma˨˩ ʈəi˨˩ hi˨˩/
:/ləi˧˩ pi˨˥ klɨ˧˩ s̪u˧ⁿdʒu˥˧ ʔa˨˩ ʔəi˨˩ ⁿdo˦˥ⁿdo˦˥ wɨ˧ n̥ãʔ˩ s̪u&#804;˧ ɻə&#804;u˧ tɨ˧ ʍi˧ˀ˥ pi˧˩ ʃi˧na˧ ʔəu˧˩ nlu˥˧ma˨˩ ʈəi˨˩ hi˨˩/
:but [as] VN move GEN DEF person person PREP east 3PL find INDEF plain PREP Shinar CONJ [settle] there PAST
:but [as] VN move GEN DEF person person PREP east 3PL find INDEF plain PREP Shinar CONJ [settle] there PAST
:As people moved eastward, they found a plain in Shinar and settled there.
:As people moved eastward, they found a plain in Shinar and settled there.


:''An ein Ndob Ndob tlau wie veß, "Ob bus Ngu an nlaß zug [schlög schlög] aus."''
:''An ein Ndob Ndob tlau be veß, "Ob bus Ngu an nlaß zug [schlög schlög] aus."''
:/ʔəu˨˥ ʔəi˨˩ ⁿdo˦˥ⁿdo˦˥ tɬʰəu˧ wiə˧ ve˧ˀ˥, "o˥˧ pu˧˩ ᵑɡu˧ ʔəu˧˩ nla˧ˀ˥ s̪u&#804;˧ ɬõ&#804;˧ɬõ&#804;˧ ma˦˥"/
:/ʔəu˨˥ ʔəi˨˩ ⁿdo˦˥ⁿdo˦˥ tɬʰəu˧ wiə˧ ve˧ˀ˥, "o˥˧ pu˧˩ ᵑɡu˧ ʔəu˧˩ nla˧ˀ˥ s̪u&#804;˧ ɬõ&#804;˧ɬõ&#804;˧ ma˦˥"/
:CONJ DEF person person say PREP one_another, VOC make brick CONJ fire_ceramic 3PL [throughly] COHORT
:CONJ DEF person person say PREP one_another, VOC make brick CONJ fire_ceramic 3PL [throughly] COHORT
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:''An zug tlau, "Ob ntsaus die Mbih nun dahn an bis ja die Nkloh von Schmauß [raug man] Ntse aus.''
:''An zug tlau, "Ob ntsaus die Mbih nun dahn an bis ja die Nkloh von Schmauß [raug man] Ntse aus.''
:/ʔəu˧˩ s̪u&#804;˧ tɬʰəu˧, "ʔo˥˧ ⁿts̺ʰəu˧˩ tiə˧ ᵐbiʔ˥ nu˨˩ taʔ˩ ʔəu˧˩ pi˧˩ ʒa˧ tiə˧ ᵑkʰloʔ˥ vo˨˩ m̥əu˧ˀ˥ ɻə&#804;u˧ma˨˩ ⁿts̺ʰe˧ ma˦˥/
:/ʔəu˧˩ s̪u&#804;˧ tɬʰəu˧, "ʔo˥˧ ⁿts̺ʰəu˧˩ tɨ˧ ᵐbiʔ˥ nu˨˩ taʔ˩ ʔəu˧˩ pi˧˩ ʒa˧ tɨ˧ ᵑkʰloʔ˥ vo˨˩ m̥əu˧ˀ˥ ɻə&#804;u˧ma˨˩ ⁿts̺ʰe˧ ma˦˥/
:and 3PL say, VOC build INDEF city for 1PL and in it a tower REL top reach DEF sky COHORT
:and 3PL say, VOC build INDEF city for 1PL and in it a tower REL top reach DEF sky COHORT
:And they said: "Come, let's build a city for ourselves and a tower in it, whose top would reach the sky.
:And they said: "Come, let's build a city for ourselves and a tower in it, whose top would reach the sky.
Praimhín
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