Thoschian: Difference between revisions
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'''Thoschian''' | '''Thoschian''' /θoʃˑɪən/ is the main language of easternmost Herooku. Created for the fantasy world of Grundet by [[User:Juhhmi|juhhmi]]. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
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===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 720px; text-align:center;" | ||
! style="width: | ! style="width: 90px; "| | ||
! style="width: 70px; " |Bilabial | ! style="width: 70px; " |Bilabial | ||
! style="width: 70px; " |Labio-dental | ! style="width: 70px; " |Labio-dental | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Nasal | ! style="" |Nasal | ||
| m | | '''m''' <br />m | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| n | | '''n''' <br />n | ||
| | | | ||
| nj /ɲ | |''' nj''' <br />ɲ | ||
| ng /ŋ | |''' ng''' <br />ŋ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Plosive | ! style="" |Plosive | ||
| p b | | '''p b'''<br />p b | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| t d | |''' t d'''<br />t d | ||
| | | | ||
| tj /c | | '''tj dj'''<br />c ɟ | ||
| k g | | '''k g'''<br />k g | ||
| q | | '''q''' <br />q | ||
| ' /ʔ | | ''' ' ''' <br />ʔ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Fricative | ! style="" |Fricative | ||
| | | | ||
| f v | | '''f v'''<br />f v | ||
| th /θ | |''' th dh'''<br />θ ð | ||
| s z | | '''s z'''<br />s z | ||
| sch /ʃ | | '''sch zj'''<br />ʃ ʒ | ||
| h /ç | |''' h j'''<br />ç ʝ | ||
| ch /x | | '''ch'''<br />x | ||
| hq /χ | |''' hq'''<br />χ | ||
| h | | '''h'''<br />h | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Trill | ! style="" |Trill | ||
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| r | |''' r'''<br />r | ||
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| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| rq /ʀ | | '''rq'''<br />ʀ | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| l | | '''l'''<br />l | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
*Fricatives: /h/ appears with back vowels and /ç/ with front vowels. | |||
*Word final voiced consonants are reduced into voiceless unless followed by a word beginning with another voiced consonant: ''lag tesch'' /lak teʃ/ vs. ''lag durni'' /lag durni/ | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
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! style="" |Close | ! style="" |Close | ||
| | | | ||
| ɨ | | '''ni'''<br>ɨ | ||
| u | | '''u'''<br>u | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Near-Close | ! style="" |Near-Close | ||
| ɪ | | '''i'''<br>ɪ | ||
| | | | ||
| ʊ | | u<br>ʊ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Close-Mid | ! style="" |Close-Mid | ||
| | | '''no'''<br>ø | ||
| | | | ||
| o | | '''o'''<br>o | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="" |Mid | !style="" |Mid | ||
|e | |'''e'''<br>e | ||
|ə | |e/o<br>ə | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| ʌ | | '''a o'''<br>ʌ ɔ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Near-open | ! style="" |Near-open | ||
| | | | ||
| ɐ | | a<br>ɐ | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Open | ! style="" |Open | ||
| a | | '''na'''<br>a | ||
| | | | ||
| ɑ | | '''a'''<br>ɑ | ||
|} | |} | ||
*Unstressed reduction of vowels. | |||
*Stressed ''a'' is ''qento'' "deep" /ɑ/ after all velar, uvular and glottal consonants and after voiced consonants (except for ''d'') and ''miteh'' "shallow" /ʌ/ after the rest of the voiceless consonants. Similarly with ''o'', the pronunciation varies between "deep" /ɔ/ and "shallow" /o/. | |||
==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
* | ===Native=== | ||
*''no'' | |||
Influence from both Goldhearts and Ancient Kher Empire led to the birth of a combination of alphabet and syllabary systems derived from Rinapri logographs and nowadays written from right to left. | |||
===Romanization=== | |||
*Trigraphs written with or without the ''c'': ''kch'' /kx/, ''sch'' /ʃ/ | |||
**Marked, if matters: ''lashe'' /lʌsˈçe/ (sprinkle; vernacularly [ˈlʌ.ɕˑe]) vs. ''lasche'' /ˈlʌ.ʃe/ (conviction) | |||
*Former nasals: ''no'' /ø/, ''ni'' /ɨ/, ''na'' /a/ | |||
==Grammar== | |||
Characteristic to an East-Herookuan language: | |||
[[Category:Ideas]] | [[Category:Ideas]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:58, 30 September 2014
Thoschian /θoʃˑɪən/ is the main language of easternmost Herooku. Created for the fantasy world of Grundet by juhhmi.
Phonology
Consonants
| Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m m |
n n |
nj ɲ |
ng ŋ |
|||||
| Plosive | p b p b |
t d t d |
tj dj c ɟ |
k g k g |
q q |
' ʔ | |||
| Fricative | f v f v |
th dh θ ð |
s z s z |
sch zj ʃ ʒ |
h j ç ʝ |
ch x |
hq χ |
h h | |
| Trill | r r |
rq ʀ |
|||||||
| Lateral app. | l l |
- Fricatives: /h/ appears with back vowels and /ç/ with front vowels.
- Word final voiced consonants are reduced into voiceless unless followed by a word beginning with another voiced consonant: lag tesch /lak teʃ/ vs. lag durni /lag durni/
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | ni ɨ |
u u | |
| Near-Close | i ɪ |
u ʊ | |
| Close-Mid | no ø |
o o | |
| Mid | e e |
e/o ə |
|
| Open-mid | a o ʌ ɔ | ||
| Near-open | a ɐ |
||
| Open | na a |
a ɑ |
- Unstressed reduction of vowels.
- Stressed a is qento "deep" /ɑ/ after all velar, uvular and glottal consonants and after voiced consonants (except for d) and miteh "shallow" /ʌ/ after the rest of the voiceless consonants. Similarly with o, the pronunciation varies between "deep" /ɔ/ and "shallow" /o/.
Orthography
Native
Influence from both Goldhearts and Ancient Kher Empire led to the birth of a combination of alphabet and syllabary systems derived from Rinapri logographs and nowadays written from right to left.
Romanization
- Trigraphs written with or without the c: kch /kx/, sch /ʃ/
- Marked, if matters: lashe /lʌsˈçe/ (sprinkle; vernacularly [ˈlʌ.ɕˑe]) vs. lasche /ˈlʌ.ʃe/ (conviction)
- Former nasals: no /ø/, ni /ɨ/, na /a/
Grammar
Characteristic to an East-Herookuan language: