870
edits
User:Ceige/Ceuja: Difference between revisions
Added Proto-Ceuja sound changes
m (Ceige moved page User:Ceige/Ceutch to User:Ceige/Ceuja: Ceuja turns out to be a more convenient name) |
(Added Proto-Ceuja sound changes) |
||
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
==History of sound changes== | ==History of sound changes== | ||
===Proto-Ceuja=== | |||
This stage describes the state of Proto-Germanic after some initial sound changes have been applied to make the language more amenable to Latinate sound changes. | |||
Three main processes define this period: | |||
* Loss of vowel length distinctions | |||
* Loss of nasalisation in vowels | |||
* Reanalysis of inflectional endings | |||
====Loss of vowel length distinctions==== | |||
This process took place by replacing length distinctions with height distinctions instead. This mirrors the sound changes in late Classical Latin and Vulgar Latin. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! PGmc vowel !! Early Proto-Ceuja !! Late Proto-Ceuja !! Latin Equivalents | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hūsą | *ū]] | |||
| u: || u || [[wiktionary:luna#Latin | ū]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fullaz | *u ]] | |||
| ʊ || o || [[wiktionary:mundus#Latin | u]], [[wiktionary:como#Latin | ō]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bōks | *ō ]] | |||
| ɔ: || ɔ || [[wiktionary:locus#Latin | o]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sahsô | *ô ]] | |||
| ɔ:: || ɔ, a || '' see [[w:Proto-Germanic_language#Overlong_vowels | more info]]'' | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tīdiz | *ī ]] | |||
| i: || i || [[wiktionary:linea#Latin | ī]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/minniz | *i ]] | |||
| ɪ || e || [[wiktionary:minor#Latin | i]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hē₂r | *ē₂]] | |||
| e: || e || [[wiktionary:cera#Latin | ē]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/weraz | *e]] | |||
| e~ɛ || e || [[wiktionary:cera#Latin | ē]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skēpą | *ē]] | |||
| ɛ: || ɛ || [[wiktionary:herba#Latin | e ]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/simlê | *ê]] | |||
| ɛ:: || ɛ || '' see [[w:Proto-Germanic_language#Overlong_vowels | more info]]'' | |||
|- | |||
! [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mann- | *a]] | |||
|colspan=2| a || [[wiktionary:casa#Latin | a]], [[wiktionary:lana#Latin | ā]] | |||
|} | |||
====Reanalysis of inflectional endings==== | |||
The main results of this process include: | |||
* [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bainą | *-ą]] neuter nouns collapsing into [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/weraz | *-az]] masculine nouns | |||
* merger of the accusative and nominative cases, leading to singular *-a and plural *-az for a-stem nouns (from *-az/-ą, and *-ōz/-anz), and singular *-i and plural -iz for i-stem nouns (from *-iz/-į, and *-īz/-inz). | |||
* haphazard expansion of an-stem nominative *-ô (e.g. [[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sahsô | sahsô]]) into *-an- as per the above merger of the accusative and nominative, but in such a way that doublets are created, e.g. *sahsanu and *sahsō (Ceuja sajano, sajo) | |||
===Old Ceuja=== | |||
===Middle Ceuja=== | |||
===Modern Ceuja=== | |||
===Island Ceuja=== | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||