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User:Ceige/Sketch v2: Difference between revisions
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=Name= | =Name= | ||
Wemenį | |||
<!-- ## No name yet, leave it as is and call it Proto-Speedy? Has there ever been a language discovered with no hint at an endonym or exonym or even place to associate it with available? | |||
<!-- Damn, I shoulda made a mix of Georgian, Nobiin and Mizo morphology. Well, that can wait for later! --> | <!-- Damn, I shoulda made a mix of Georgian, Nobiin and Mizo morphology. Well, that can wait for later! --> | ||
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==Nouns== | ==Nouns== | ||
===Number=== | ===Number=== | ||
Nouns can optionally be distinguished by number. The three numbers are singular, plural, and collective. Plural markers can come before or after case markers. | Nouns can optionally be distinguished by number. The three numbers are singular, plural, and collective. Plural markers can come before or after case markers. | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" <!--style="text-align: left;"--> | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" <!--style="text-align: left;"--> | ||
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The reportative is actually an evidentiality marker that can be affixed to ''any'' unit of speech, including verbs or even entire phrases and sentences. | The reportative is actually an evidentiality marker that can be affixed to ''any'' unit of speech, including verbs or even entire phrases and sentences. | ||
===Nominalisation=== | |||
There are a variety of suffixes that can be used for nominalisation. These include: | |||
* <strong>-mA</strong>, often used for nominalising verbs, adjectives and phrases, | |||
* <strong>-wE</strong>, used for nouns about people, and sometimes actor nouns | |||
* <strong>-mǫ</strong>, used for things, phenomena (which -mA is often used for too) | |||
* <strong>-mIx</strong>, used for certain tools and helpful objects | |||
* <strong>-ti</strong>, a fossilised nominaliser of unknown meaning | |||
In addition, the masculine, feminine and inanimate suffixes might also be of use (see [[#Verbs]]). | |||
In theory, any noun can be used to nominalise another phrase. | |||
==Verbs== | ==Verbs== | ||
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| kïł-nO || k'os-wE-Ap || tési-kI-mU || kʰąp-lŲ-kI-mA-s || mA-tul- | | kïł-nO || k'os-wE-Ap || tési-kI-mU || kʰąp-lŲ-kI-mA-s || mA-tul- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| bird-ACT || fight-guy-DIR || leaf-COLL-PAT || eat-INAM-COLL-NMZ-OBL || 3- | | bird-ACT || fight-guy-DIR || leaf-COLL-PAT || eat-INAM-COLL-NMZ-OBL || 3-help | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=5 | ''The bird helps the warrior eat the leaves'' | | colspan=5 | ''The bird helps the warrior eat the leaves'' | ||
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| k'os-wE-mU || kïł-Ap || tési-kI-mU || kʰąp-lŲ-kI-mA-s || mA-tul- | | k'os-wE-mU || kïł-Ap || tési-kI-mU || kʰąp-lŲ-kI-mA-s || mA-tul- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| fight-guy-PAT || bird-DIR || leaf-COLL-PAT || eat-INAM-COLL-NMZ-OBL || 3- | | fight-guy-PAT || bird-DIR || leaf-COLL-PAT || eat-INAM-COLL-NMZ-OBL || 3-help | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=5 | ''The warrior is helped by the bird to eat the leaves'' | | colspan=5 | ''The warrior is helped by the bird to eat the leaves'' | ||
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| kïł-nO || k'os-wE-mU || tési-kI-mU || kʰąp-lŲ-kI-mA-Ap || mA-tul- | | kïł-nO || k'os-wE-mU || tési-kI-mU || kʰąp-lŲ-kI-mA-Ap || mA-tul- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| bird-ACT || fight-guy-DIR || leaf-COLL-PAT || eat-INAM-COLL-NMZ-DIR || 3- | | bird-ACT || fight-guy-DIR || leaf-COLL-PAT || eat-INAM-COLL-NMZ-DIR || 3-help | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=5 | ''The bird helps the warrior eat the leaves'' | | colspan=5 | ''The bird helps the warrior eat the leaves'' | ||
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| kïł-nO || (o)k'os-wE-Ap || tési-kI- || kʰąp-na-mA- || mA-tul- | | kïł-nO || (o)k'os-wE-Ap || tési-kI- || kʰąp-na-mA- || mA-tul- | ||
|- | |- | ||
| bird-ACT || (HON)-fight-guy-DIR || leaf-COLL-(DIR)|| HON-eat-NMZ-(DIR) || 3- | | bird-ACT || (HON)-fight-guy-DIR || leaf-COLL-(DIR)|| HON-eat-NMZ-(DIR) || 3-help | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=5 | ''The bird helps the honourable warrior eat the leaves (honourably)'' | | colspan=5 | ''The bird helps the honourable warrior eat the leaves (honourably)'' | ||
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==Adverbs== | ==Adverbs== | ||
Adverbs are formed using various case markers. | Adverbs are formed using various case markers. | ||
=Texts= | |||
==Not-Quite Schleicher's Fable== | |||
===Conlang=== | |||
Now with half hearted glossing! | |||
# Hnuskap'ö, tšʰełaxï hŋeminë pulmöp sar ŋemi-tʰas: | |||
::: <sup>hill-LOC wool-FROM sheep-ACT dog-PLU-DIR three see-HIST</sup> | |||
# omüsno kʰąta tl'arka orunamas, omüsno toł t'uxmǫ ot'uxmas, | |||
::: <sup>HON-PLU-OBL-ACT heavy sled HON-pul-NMZ-OBL, HON-PLU-OBL-ACT big carry-thing HON-carry-NMZ-OBL,</sup> | |||
# omüsno saywe käysäs otʰǫsamas wa neme-tʰas. | |||
::: <sup>HON-PLU-OBL-ACT man-fellow quick-OBL HON-lead-NMZ-OBL CONJ COP-PLU-HIST</sup> | |||
# Hŋeminë susąmǫ pulmöp pëš-tʰas: "Saywenë otʰošmö tšʰäyma ŋemimas, minį tšo tʰär". | |||
::: <sup>sheep-ACT follow-thing dog-PLU-DIR say-HIST: "man-fellow-ACT HON-wolf-PLU drive-NMZ see-NMZ-OBL, 1-GEN heart hurt"</sup> | |||
# Pulmöp šątis apëš-tʰas:"K'ötšəjoha, hŋemi: –" | |||
::: <sup>dog-PLU-DIR in return 4-say-HIST: "listen-IMP, sheep: –"</sup> | |||
# "Osaywenë, otʰǫsano, hŋeminį tšʰełap topxa kʰarxįs mas oyar." | |||
::: <sup>"HON-man-fellow-ACT, HON-leader-ACT, sheep-GEN wool-DIR warm garment-OBL 3-OBL HON-make"</sup> | |||
# "Mamitšwa, hŋeminë tšʰełaŋi ąna-ne. Manë minį tšome ų̈mü tʰärme" | |||
::: <sup>"3-PROLAT-CONJ, sheep-ACT wool-INST NEG-COP. 3-ACT 1-GEN heart-PLU AFFIRM hurt-PLU"</sup> | |||
# Įma k'ötǫtəp'e, hŋemi wëtškïsŋe tełkäyur-tʰas. | |||
::: <sup>this hear-time-LOC, sheep grass-land-LAT fly-run-HIST.</sup> | |||
===English=== | |||
# On a hill, a sheep without wool saw three dogs: | |||
# one of them pulling a heavy sled, one of them carrying a big load, | |||
# and one of them leading a man quickly. | |||
# The sheep said the following: "My heart hurts, seeing a man driving such noble wolves". | |||
# The dogs said this in return: "Listen, sheep: –" | |||
# "The man, the honourable master, makes the sheep's wool into a warm garment for himself." | |||
# "And because of that, the sheep has no wool. That certainly hurts our hearts." | |||
# Upon hearing this, the sheep fled into the plain. | |||
===Original=== | |||
[On a hill,] a sheep that had no wool saw horses, one of them pulling a heavy wagon, one carrying a big load, and one carrying a man quickly. The sheep said to the horses: "My heart pains me, seeing a man driving horses." The horses said: "Listen, sheep, our hearts pain us when we see this: a man, the master, makes the wool of the sheep into a warm garment for himself. And the sheep has no wool." Having heard this, the sheep fled into the plain. | |||
=Vocabulary= | =Vocabulary= | ||
==Word List== | ==Word List== | ||
* kʰałta = drawing | [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1J1P7n03eDCGcB-ZBQFDoeefRG58l1E-njzhHOBE5xUM/pubhtml Google Sheets Wordlist] | ||
<!--* kʰałta = drawing | |||
* k'ut = house | * k'ut = house | ||
* kïł = bird <!-- inspired by Turkic --> | * kïł = bird <!-- inspired by Turkic -/-> | ||
* mur = river <!-- inspired by Amur river article --> | * mur = river <!-- inspired by Amur river article -/-> | ||
* pʰer = to plant | * pʰer = to plant | ||
* pąt = wall | * pąt = wall | ||
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* są̈tʰi = healthy | * są̈tʰi = healthy | ||
* sępi = fruit, nut, seed | * sępi = fruit, nut, seed | ||
* sko = to brew something <!-- scone ~> bread < braw-d-ą?--> | * sko = to brew something <!-- scone ~> bread < braw-d-ą?-/-> | ||
* stak- = to fight, engage (?) | * stak- = to fight, engage (?) | ||
* stakma = fight, engagement | * stakma = fight, engagement | ||
* stakwa = warrior | * stakwa = warrior | ||
* t'äni = stone <!-- inspired by some random JP word also stainaz --> | * t'äni = stone <!-- inspired by some random JP word also stainaz -/-> | ||
* tul = to help | * tul = to help | ||
* tulma = help | * tulma = help | ||
* tlʰa = hoof | * tlʰa = hoof | ||
* tšąka = forest | * tšąka = forest--> | ||