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User:Waahlis/Sandbox/Ris: Difference between revisions

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<!-- {{Ris sidebar}} -->
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: center; |Glossing abbreviations used on this page
|-
! style="width: 100px; "|Abbreviation
! style="width: 250px; "|Meaning
|-
| 1
|first person
|-
|2
|second person
|-
|3
|third person
|-
|~
|reduplication (preceded by its significance)
|-
| -
|morpheme separator
|-
|.
|grammatical function separator
|-
|ADF
|adjective or adverb
|-
|PAT
|patientive
|-
|AGT
|agentive
|-
|INV.PAT
|inverse patientive ~ agentive
|-
|INV.AGT
|inverse agentive ~ patientive
|-
|SG
|singulative ~ singular
|-
|PL
|plurative ~ plural
|-
|DC
|dual-collective
|-
|ACT
|active voice
|-
|IND
|indicative
|-
|IMP
|imperative
|-
|PRFV
|perfective
|-
|IPVF
|imperfective
|-
|ITR
|iterative
|-
|I
|marked collective, animate
|-
|II
|marked collective, inanimate
|-
|III
|unmarked collective, animate
|-
|IV
|unmarked collective inanimate
|-
|}
==Morphosyntactic alignment and the core cases==
==Morphosyntactic alignment and the core cases==
[[Image:Control-argument-qri.png|right|thumb|A table of the Ris control and volition distinction in the core arguments, illustrating the two-way distinction in the subject of intransitive clauses.|240px]]
[[Image:Control-argument-qri.png|right|thumb|A table of the Ris control and volition distinction in the core arguments, illustrating the two-way distinction in the subject of intransitive clauses.|240px]]
Line 12: Line 92:
|phrase = Ānkouro.
|phrase = Ānkouro.
|IPA = /ˈaːŋkʊrɔ/
|IPA = /ˈaːŋkʊrɔ/
|morphemes = ānkour-{{blue|o}}
|morphemes = ānkour-∅-{{blue|o}}
|gloss = to trip.ACT.IND.PRFV-{{blue|PAT}}.1.SG
|gloss = to trip.ACT-IND.PRFV-{{blue|PAT}}.1.SG
|translation = I fell.
|translation = I fell.
}}
}}


{{Gloss
{{Gloss
|phrase = Sausani hentai inistin.
|phrase = Mīthrani hentai inistin.
|IPA = /ˈsawsanɪ ˈçɛntaj ˈɪnɪstɪn/
|IPA = /ˈmɪːθranɪ ˈçɛntaj ˈɪnɪstɪn/
|morphemes = sausa-{{blue|ni}} in-ist-{{blue|in}}
|morphemes = mīthra-{{blue|ni}} in-ist-{{blue|in}}
|gloss = pig.III-{{blue|PAT}}.DC okay.ADJ.PAT to exist-ACT.IND.IPFV-3.{{blue|PAT}}.DC
|gloss = squirrel_soup.III-{{blue|PAT}}.DC okay.ADF.PAT exist-ACT-IND.IPFV-3.{{blue|PAT}}.DC
|translation = Okay squirrel soups exist.
|translation = Okay squirrel soups exist.
}}
}}
Line 29: Line 109:
|IPA = /ˈtageːrras ˈkeːraks/
|IPA = /ˈtageːrras ˈkeːraks/
| morphemes = tagēr-r-as kērax-{{blue|∅}}
| morphemes = tagēr-r-as kērax-{{blue|∅}}
| gloss = to hit-ACT.IMP.PRFV-2.SG.AGT bird.I-{{blue|PAT}}.SG
| gloss = hit.ACT-IMP.PRFV-2.SG.AGT bird.I-{{blue|PAT}}.SG
| translation = Hit the bird.
| translation = Hit the bird.
}}
}}
Line 35: Line 115:
{{Gloss
{{Gloss
|phrase = Anēr, ouinēstra teskho...
|phrase = Anēr, ouinēstra teskho...
|IPA = /ˈaːŋkʊrɔ/
|IPA = /ˈaneːr wɪˈneːstra ˈtɛskʰɔ/
|morphemes = anēr-∅ ouinēstra-∅ teskh-{{blue|o}}
|morphemes = anēr-∅ ouinēstra-∅ teskh-∅-{{blue|o}}
|gloss = mother.I-VOC.SG window.II-{{blue|PAT}}.SG to smash.ACT.IND.PRFV-{{blue|PAT}}.1.SG
|gloss = mother.I-VOC.SG window.II-{{blue|PAT}}.SG smash.ACT-IND.PRFV-{{blue|PAT}}.1.SG
|translation = Mother, I happened to smash the window...
|translation = Mother, I happened to smash the window...
}}
}}
Line 47: Line 127:
|IPA = /maw kaˈteːrɔ ˈktɛrma/
|IPA = /maw kaˈteːrɔ ˈktɛrma/
|morphemes = {{red|mau}} katēr-∅-{{red|o}} kterma-{{blue|∅}}
|morphemes = {{red|mau}} katēr-∅-{{red|o}} kterma-{{blue|∅}}
|gloss = 1.{{red|AGT}}.SG to write-ACT.IND.PRFV-{{red|IN.PAT}}.1.SG letter.III-{{blue|PAT}}.SG
|gloss = 1.{{red|AGT}}.SG writeACT-IND.PRFV-{{red|IN.PAT}}.1.SG letter.III-{{blue|PAT}}.SG
|translation = I am writing a letter.
|translation = I am writing a letter.
}}
}}
Line 55: Line 135:
|IPA = /ˈhɛ tɛˈtʰʊːrɪ/
|IPA = /ˈhɛ tɛˈtʰʊːrɪ/
|morphemes = {{red|he}} te~thoūr-{{red|is}}
|morphemes = {{red|he}} te~thoūr-{{red|is}}
|gloss = 2.{{red|AGT}}.SG ACT.IND.ITR~to run-1.{{red|AGT}}.SG
|gloss = 2.{{red|AGT}}.SG IND.ITR~run.ACT-1.{{red|AGT}}.SG
|translation = He is running around.
|translation = He is running around.
}}
}}
Line 63: Line 143:
|IPA = /ˈaːŋkʊros/
|IPA = /ˈaːŋkʊros/
| morphemes = ānkour-∅-{{red|os}}
| morphemes = ānkour-∅-{{red|os}}
| gloss = to trip.ACT.IND.PRFV-{{red|AGT}}.1.SG
| gloss = trip.ACT-IND.PRFV-{{red|AGT}}.1.SG
| translation = I purposely trip...!
| translation = I purposely trip...!
}}
}}
Line 76: Line 156:
|phrase = Ekrasi mākhina.
|phrase = Ekrasi mākhina.
|IPA = /ˈɛkrasːi maːˈkʰɪna/
|IPA = /ˈɛkrasːi maːˈkʰɪna/
|morphemes = ekras-{{blue|i}} mākhina-{{blue|∅}}
|morphemes = ekras-∅-{{blue|i}} mākhina-{{blue|∅}}
|gloss = to crash.ACT.IND.PRFV-{{blue|PAT}}.3.SG
|gloss = crash.ACT-IND.PRFV-{{blue|PAT}}.3.SG
|translation = The car crashed.
|translation = The car crashed.
}}
}}
Line 85: Line 165:
|IPA = /ˈaneːr psaːˈnɪstɪ/
|IPA = /ˈaneːr psaːˈnɪstɪ/
|morphemes = anēr-{{blue|∅}} psān-ist-{{blue|ɪ}}
|morphemes = anēr-{{blue|∅}} psān-ist-{{blue|ɪ}}
|gloss = mother.I-PAT.SG to cry.ACT.IND-IMPV-{{blue|PAT}}.3.SG
|gloss = mother.I-PAT.SG cry.ACT-IND.IPVF-{{blue|PAT}}.3.SG
|translation = Mother cries.
|translation = Mother cries.
}}
}}
Line 92: Line 172:
|phrase = Ngaos.
|phrase = Ngaos.
|IPA = /ŋgaˈos/
|IPA = /ŋgaˈos/
|morphemes = nga-{{red|os}}
|morphemes = nga-∅-{{red|os}}
|gloss = to sleep.ACT.IND.PRFV-{{red|AGT}}.1.SG
|gloss = sleep.ACT-IND.PRFV-{{red|AGT}}.1.SG
|translation = I am trying to sleep.
|translation = I am trying to sleep.
}}
}}
Line 101: Line 181:
|phrase = He gāmi!
|phrase = He gāmi!
|IPA = /hɛ gaːˈmi/
|IPA = /hɛ gaːˈmi/
|morphemes = he gām-{{blue|i}}
|morphemes = he gām-∅-{{blue|i}}
|gloss = 3.PROX.MA.SG to come.ACT-IND.IMPV-{{blue|INV.PAT}}.3.SG
|gloss = 3.PROX.MA.SG to come.ACT-IND.IMPV-{{blue|INV.PAT}}.3.SG
|translation = He's coming!
|translation = He's coming!
Line 110: Line 190:
|IPA = /ˈantjʊ r̥ʰaˈɔs/
|IPA = /ˈantjʊ r̥ʰaˈɔs/
|morphemes = anti-ou rha-ist-{{red|os}}
|morphemes = anti-ou rha-ist-{{red|os}}
|gloss = night.IV-LOC.DC to talk.ACT-IND.IMPV-{{red|INV.AGT}}.1.SG
|gloss = night.IV-LOC.DC talk.ACT-IND.IPVF-{{red|INV.AGT}}.1.SG
|translation = I sleep-talk in the night.
|translation = I sleep-talk in the night.
}}
}}
Line 117: Line 197:
|phrase = Ti rhās?
|phrase = Ti rhās?
|IPA = /tɪ ˈr̥ʰaːs/
|IPA = /tɪ ˈr̥ʰaːs/
|morphemes = ti rha-{{red|as}}
|morphemes = ti rha-∅-{{red|as}}
|gloss = what.PAT.SG to talk.ACT.IND.PRFV-{{red|INV.AGT}}.2.SG
|gloss = what.PAT.SG talk.ACT-IND.PRFV-{{red|INV.AGT}}.2.SG
|translation = What are you trying to say?
|translation = What are you trying to say?
}}
}}
Line 125: Line 205:
|phrase = Kinizas, kinizas!
|phrase = Kinizas, kinizas!
|IPA = /kɪnɪˈd͡zas kɪnɪˈd͡zas/
|IPA = /kɪnɪˈd͡zas kɪnɪˈd͡zas/
|morphemes = kiniz-{{red|as}}
|morphemes = kiniz-∅-{{red|as}}
|gloss = to drive.ACT.IND.PRFV-{{red|INV.AGT}}.2.SG
|gloss = drive.ACT-IND.PRFV-{{red|INV.AGT}}.2.SG
|translation = You're driving, you're driving! (''How is it possible?'')
|translation = You're driving, you're driving! (''How is it possible?'')
}}
}}
==Other==
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