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| ==Modern Spanish== | | ==Tsan== |
| '''Kasteyanu moernu''' - [kaht̪e̞ˈd͡ʒãnʊ mɔˈʋe̞rnʊ]
| | {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsible" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;" |
| | | |- |
| [ʊɱˈfrɪːə məɲˈjanə ˈlə ˈbʒẽ̞tʊ aː ə̃pe̞ˈzað̞ʊ ə zʊplaː zɔβ̞rə ʊmpe̞ˈkɪɲjʊ pwe̞β̞lʊ kaʊ̯ˈzãð̞ʊ ðe̞tːˈrɔsɔ | ke̞ː ʍe̞rtə zɔ zə ˈhaɪ̯tawə lə ˈbʒẽ̞tʊ ʊnːʊβˈzɪtə kə lʊ ɔsːe̞rˈβaʋə lə aː ˈðɪʃʊ | tʊ tə ˈkrɪə mʊ ˈʍe̞rtə prʊ ʎə zɔl e̞ maː ˈʍe̞rtə kə tʊ| mɔˈʎɪtːʊ lə ˈbʒẽ̞tʊ aː β̞ʊskað̞ʊ alˈsɔl ɪ lə aː ˈðɪʃʊ | be̞z a aˈke̞ʎ ɔ̃βrə kɔ̃ zʊˈkapə | kʃẽ̞ː ˈlɔɣrə kɪˈtaːze̞ʎə zəˈra maː ˈʍe̞rtə]
| | ! colspan="7"|Stative and dynamic affixes |
| | | |- |
| For funzies.
| | ! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|<small>person</small> → |
| | | ! scope="col"|1 |
| | | ! scope="col"|2 |
| ==Kiwi'== | | ! scope="col"|3.PROX (3) |
| '''Ta’ rī kiwinika’''' - /taʔ rɪː qɯˌwɪɲɪˈqɑʔ/
| | ! scope="col"|3.OBV (4) |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
| | ! scope="col"|0 |
| |+ '''Consonants'''
| | |- |
| !
| | | ''-w-'' |
| ![[w:labial consonant|Labial]]
| | | ''-k-'' |
| ![[w:alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
| | | - |
| ![[w:dorsal consonant|Dorsal]]
| | | ''-y-'' |
| ![[w:glottal consonant|Glottal]]
| | | ''-h-'' |
| |- align=center
| |
| ![[w:Nasal stop|Nasal]]
| |
| | m
| |
| | n
| |
| | ɲ ~ ŋ ~ ɴ
| |
| |
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ![[w:plosive consonant|Plosive]]
| |
| | p
| |
| | t
| |
| | c ~ k ~ q
| |
| | ʔ
| |
| |- align=center | |
| ![[w:fricative consonant|Fricative]] | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | h
| |
| |- align=center
| |
| ![[w:approximant consonant|Approximant]]
| |
| | w ~ v
| |
| | l
| |
| | j
| |
| | | |
| |- align=center | |
| ![[w:Tap consonant|Tap]] | |
| |
| |
| | ɾ
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| | |
| {| class="nounderlines" cellspacing="0px" cellpadding=0 style="text-align:center; background:transparent;"
| |
| |+''' Vowels''' | |
| |- style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller;"
| |
| ||
| |
| | style="width:60px;" | '''Front'''
| |
| | style="width:60px;" | '''Near-front'''
| |
| | style="width:60px;" | '''Central'''
| |
| | style="width:60px;" | '''Near-back''' | |
| | style="width:60px;" | '''Back'''
| |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Close'''
| | ! colspan="7"|Stative |
| | style="height:210px;" colspan=5 rowspan=7 | <div style="position:relative;width:300px;height:210px;">[[Image:Blank vowel trapezoid.svg|300px]]<div style="background:transparent; position:absolute; top:0px; left:0px;">
| |
| {| style="position:relative; width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:transparent;"
| |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:transparent;" |
| | ! scope="row"|<small>homus</small> |
| | | | ''-á-'' |
| <!-- CLOSE VOWELS --> | | | ''-wá'' |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:5%; width:2.33em; top:2%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; none;"></div>
| | | ''-ká'' |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:77%; width:3em; top:6%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;">u</div>
| | | - |
| | | | ''-yá'' |
| <!-- NEAR-CLOSE VOWELS -->
| | | ''-há'' |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:29%; width:2.33em; top:16%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;">ɪ</div>
| |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:47.5%; width:2.66em; top:16%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"></div>
| |
| | |
| <!-- CLOSE-MID VOWELS -->
| |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:16%; width:2.66em; top:30%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:none;"></div>
| |
| | |
| <!-- MID VOWELS -->
| |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:24.4%; width:2.33em; top:44%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;">e̞</div>
| |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:53%; width:2.66em; top:44%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;">ə</div>
| |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:83%; width:2.66em; top:44%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;">o̞</div>
| |
| | |
| <!-- OPEN-MID VOWELS -->
| |
| | |
| <!-- NEAR-OPEN VOWELS -->
| |
| | |
| <!-- OPEN VOWELS -->
| |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:43%; width:2.66em; top:86%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;">a</div>
| |
| <div style="position:absolute; left:83.8%; width:2.66em; top:86%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;">ɑ</div>
| |
| |}
| |
| </div></div>
| |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Near‑close'''
| | ! scope="row"|<small>heterus</small> |
| | | ''-í-'' |
| | | ''-wí'' |
| | | ''-kí'' |
| | | ''-í'' |
| | | ''-yi'' |
| | | ''-hí'' |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Close‑mid''' | | ! scope="row"|<small>plural</small> |
| | | colspan="6" rowspan="1"| Suffixing of ''-n'' |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Mid'''
| | ! colspan="7"|Dynamic |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Open‑mid'''
| | ! scope="row"|<small>homus</small> |
| | | ''-u-'' |
| | |''wu-'' |
| | |''ku-'' |
| | |''u-'' |
| | |''yu-'' |
| | |''hu-'' |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Near‑open'''
| | ! scope="row"|<small>heterus</small> |
| | |''-a-'' |
| | |''wa-'' |
| | |''ka-'' |
| | |''a-'' |
| | |''ya-'' |
| | |''ha-'' |
| |- | | |- |
| | style="height:30px; font-size:smaller; text-align:right;" | '''Open''' | | ! scope="row"|<small>plural</small> |
| | | colspan="6" rowspan="1"|Partial reduplication of dynamic prefix ''CV- > CVCV-'' |
| |} | | |} |
| ===Grammar=== | | {| border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsible" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;" |
| ====Verbs====
| |
| Transivity direction; subject > object.
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center; width:700px;"
| |
| ! colspan="17"|Bipersonal prefixes
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2"| Object→<br />Subject↓ | | ! colspan="7"|Alienable and inalienable affixes |
| ! colspan="5"| singular
| |
| |- | | |- |
| !0 !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 | | ! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|<small>person</small> → |
| | ! scope="col"|1 |
| | ! scope="col"|2 |
| | ! scope="col"|3.PROX (3) |
| | ! scope="col"|3.OBV (4) |
| | ! scope="col"|0 |
| |- | | |- |
| ! rowspan="5"| singular
| | | ''-w-'' |
| ! 0
| | | ''-k-'' |
| | - | | | - |
| |'''e-'' | | | ''-y-'' |
| |''hai-''
| | | ''-h-'' |
| |''hane-'' | |
| |'''ahu-''
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! 1 | | ! colspan="7"|Alienable |
| |''na'a-'' | | |- |
| | - | | ! scope="row"|<small>homus</small> |
| |''ki-'' | | | rowspan="2"|''-uni-'' |
| |''we'a-'' | | | rowspan="2"| ''wuni-'' |
| |''ku-'' | | | rowspan="2"| ''kuni-'' |
| | | rowspan="2"|''uni-'' |
| | | rowspan="2"|''yuni-'' |
| | | rowspan="2"|''huni-'' |
| | |- |
| | ! scope="row"|<small>heterus</small> |
| | |- |
| | ! scope="row"|<small>plural</small> |
| | | colspan="6" rowspan="1"| Suffixing of ''-n'' |
| | |- |
| | ! colspan="7"|Inalienable |
| |- | | |- |
| ! 2 | | ! scope="row"|<small>homus</small> |
| |''nekē-'' | | | rowspan="2"|''-yu-'' |
| |''ngi-'' | | | rowspan="2"|''wyu-'' |
| | - | | | rowspan="2"|''kyu-'' |
| |''ke'a-'' | | | rowspan="2"|''yu-'' |
| |''neku-'' | | | rowspan="2"|''yu-'' |
| | | rowspan="2"|''hyu-'' |
| |- | | |- |
| ! 3 | | ! scope="row"|<small>heterus</small> |
| |''tina-'' | |
| |''nē-''
| |
| |''tu-''
| |
| | -
| |
| |''ta'ahu-''
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! 4 | | ! scope="row"|<small>plural</small> |
| |''ma'e-''
| | | colspan="6" rowspan="1"|Partial reduplication of inalienable prefix ''CV- > CVCV-'' |
| |'''ano-'' | |
| |''mi-'' | |
| |''nama'ī-'' | |
| |''mani-''
| |
| |} | | |} |
| | |
| | ==Modern Spanish== |
| | '''Kasteyanu moernu''' - [kaht̪e̞ˈd͡ʒãnʊ mɔˈʋe̞rnʊ] |
| | |
| | [ʊɱˈfrɪːə məɲˈjanə ˈlə ˈbʒẽ̞tʊ aː ə̃pe̞ˈzað̞ʊ ə zʊplaː zɔβ̞rə ʊmpe̞ˈkɪɲjʊ pwe̞β̞lʊ kaʊ̯ˈzãð̞ʊ ðe̞tːˈrɔsɔ | ke̞ː ʍe̞rtə zɔ zə ˈhaɪ̯tawə lə ˈbʒẽ̞tʊ ʊnːʊβˈzɪtə kə lʊ ɔsːe̞rˈβaʋə lə aː ˈðɪʃʊ | tʊ tə ˈkrɪə mʊ ˈʍe̞rtə prʊ ʎə zɔl e̞ maː ˈʍe̞rtə kə tʊ| mɔˈʎɪtːʊ lə ˈbʒẽ̞tʊ aː β̞ʊskað̞ʊ alˈsɔl ɪ lə aː ˈðɪʃʊ | be̞z a aˈke̞ʎ ɔ̃βrə kɔ̃ zʊˈkapə | kʃẽ̞ː ˈlɔɣrə kɪˈtaːze̞ʎə zəˈra maː ˈʍe̞rtə] |
| | |
| | For funzies. |
| | |
| | ==Ashanti== |
| | '''As ashanti''' - /as ͜ aˈʃãˑtɪ/ |
| | |
| | {{Gloss |
| | |phrase = A àta ta krá |
| | |IPA = /a aːta ta kʁaʔ/ |
| | |morphemes = a àta ta krá |
| | |gloss = IMP NEC you.2SG.ACT to_come.PRS |
| | |translation = Come! You have to! |
| | }} |
| | |
| | ==Ajami== |
| | '''Al-ājami''' - /æɫˈæːd͡ʒəmɪ/ |
| | |
| | {{Gloss |
| | |phrase = Jamāʻa as-sunnām wah ad-dinī. |
| | |IPA = /d͡ʒæˈmæːʔə æsːunˈnæːm wæɦ ædˤːɪˈnɪː/ |
| | |morphemes = jamāʻa as-sunnāh wah ad-dinī |
| | |gloss = to_welcome/IMP.2SG.LOW the.DEF.III.SG-people.III.ACC.SG to there |
| | |translation = Welcome the people there. |
| | }} |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | *« ''Jā jihāʻuma ar-rasāyyah rījan i rūnan, abhir inajihāʻumān duni. Assadām.'' » |
| | *:"You have let most of the women and men out, but you have not yet let the dogs out. You should." |
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| ==Glossy glossy== | | ==Glossy glossy== |
|
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| {{Gloss | | {{Gloss |
| |phrase = we’akima’orī | | |phrase = we’akima’orī |
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| |translation = We will kill him. | | |translation = We will kill him. |
| }} | | }} |
| | |
| | [[Category:User:Waahlis]] |