Verse:Irta/English/Non-Azalic etyma: Difference between revisions

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==Semitic==
==Semitic==
*''boor'' from Hebraeo-An Yidish בּוּר 'ignoramus', via a language that changes it to /bu:r/ or /p⁼u:r/
*''boor'' from Hebraeo-An Yidish בּוּר 'ignoramus', via dialectal Irtan Irish ''búr''
*''dint'' as in ''by dint of'' from [[Togarmite]] ''dint'' 'judgment, sentence', from the root √d-(j)-n 'to opine, to judge'
*''dint'' as in ''by dint of'' from [[Togarmite]] ''dint'' 'judgment, sentence', from the root √d-(j)-n 'to opine, to judge'
*''main'' meaning 'high seas' from [[Togarmite]] ''mein'' 'water' (cognate to Hebrew מים ''máyim'')
*''main'' meaning 'high seas' from [[Togarmite]] ''mein'' 'water' (cognate to Hebrew מים ''máyim'')
*''weird'' from OTog ''yėred'' 'conspicuous', active participle of ''yarād'' 'to appear, to descend', via a Brythonic language
*''weird'' from OTog ''yėred'' 'conspicuous', active participle of ''yarād'' 'to appear, to descend', via a Brythonic language
*''fellow'' from OTog ''φallāh''
*''fellow'' from OTog ''φallāh''
*''ennui'' from Togarmite ''ȝanúj'' 'existential angst', originally 'suffering' in Early Modern Togarmite but it fell out of use and was revived as a philosophical term;, ~ Hebrew עינוי ''ʕinnuy'' 'torment, torture' (root ʕ-n-y "poor, affliction", doublet of native Togarmite ''ȝanėþ'' 'to need')
*''elite'' from Aramaic עליתא ''ʕelitå'' "upper story"
*''mesmerize'' from Togarmite ''myzmerezi'' "to play the myzmer"
*''mesmerize'' from Togarmite ''myzmerezi'' "to play the myzmer"
*''hobby'' from Togarmite ''habi''
*''hobby'' from Togarmite ''habi''
*''cry'' from Cubrite ''ᴋrí'' /kʰɹəj/, from Ancient Cubrite ''ᴋarīhā'' 'calling', Semitic root √q-r-ʔ
*''cry'' from Knench ''ᴋrí'' /kʰɹəj/, from Ancient Knench ''ᴋarīhā'' 'calling', Semitic root √q-r-ʔ
* ''fast'' originally meant 'direct, easy' and came from Togarmite ''*fásat'' 'it was easy/simple', meaning influenced by Aramaic ''pešit'' 'simple'
* ''fast'' originally meant 'direct, easy' and came from Togarmite ''*fásat'' 'it was easy/simple', meaning influenced by Aramaic ''pešit'' 'simple'
* ''raven'' from Togarmite ''3reivun'' 'big crow'
* ''hygge'' from a Knench source: ''hykki''/''hiwkki'' 'coziness' < *higgūj (verbal noun of *higgV:), cognate of Hebrew הגה 'to contemplate, to utter/speak'
* ''hygge'' from a Canaanite or Togarmic source: ''hykki''/''hiwkki'' 'coziness' (u-umlaut of i) < *higgūj (verbal noun of *higgV:), cognate of Hebrew הגה 'to contemplate, to utter/speak'
* ''touch'': its Vulgar Latin source ''tuccāre'' 'to touch' comes from a stage of Knench ''*tə-hukkō'' 'he was hit' (~ Hebrew hikkå 'he hit') or ''*tə-huggaȝ'' 'he reached' (gg = /k⁼/) (~ Hebrew higia3 'he reached')
* ''dude'' from Knench ''tud'' '(derogatory term), bro' (cognate to Hebrew ''dod'')


==Indo-Iranian and Mixolydian==
==Indo-Iranian and Mixolydian==
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*''sauna'' from Mixolydian ''snono'' <- PIE sneh2on-eh2
*''sauna'' from Mixolydian ''snono'' <- PIE sneh2on-eh2
*''path'' from Mixolydian ''paθ'', from Old Nomadic Mixolydian ''paθą'' "flight", from PIE poth2om
*''path'' from Mixolydian ''paθ'', from Old Nomadic Mixolydian ''paθą'' "flight", from PIE poth2om
*''karma'' from Mitanni ''kármə''


==Italo-Celtic and Greek==
==Italic, Celtic and Greek==
*''dance'' from Irish ''damhsa'', originally onomatopoeic
*''land'', from Gaulish ''landā'' <- *lendʰ
*''land'', from Gaulish ''landā'' <- *lendʰ
*''island'', from Norman ''isle'' and Gaulish ''landā''
*''island'', from Norman ''isle'' and Gaulish ''landā''
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*''pasta'' <- Latin ''pasta'', via Greek
*''pasta'' <- Latin ''pasta'', via Greek
*''embassy'' <- Kwenya εμβασεια ''ëmbasia'' <- Proto-Celtic ''ambaxtyā''
*''embassy'' <- Kwenya εμβασεια ''ëmbasia'' <- Proto-Celtic ''ambaxtyā''
*''ambassador'' <- Kwenya εμβασειαδηρ ''ëmbasiadyar'' <- Greek -αδης
*''ambassador'' <- Kwenya εμβασειαδης ''ëmbasiadyar'' <- Greek -αδης
*''almond'' <- An Bhlaoighne ''amhlaindh'' <- Kwenya αμυνδαλη ''amwindalya'' <- Greek ''amygdalē'' (gd -> nd is a regular sound change in Kwenya)
*''almond'' <- Kwenya αμυνδαλη ''amwindalya'' <- Greek ''amygdalē'' (gd -> nd is a regular sound change in Kwenya)
* ''broad'' (referring to accents) is originally a calque from Majorcan Irish ''caint leathan'', referring to Irish slender consonants depalatalizing and broad consonants becoming Arabic emphatic consonants in broad Majorcan Irish
* ''run amok'' from Irish ''amach'' 'outward', via Albionian ''šapo amók'' 'to run out of control'
* ''buzzard'' from Old Irish ''baḋḃ'' 'hooded crow' (via Corsican Arabic ''BaZWə, BuZWə'') + French ''-ard''


==Hivantish ==
==Hivantish ==
*''zillion'' from ''zillių'' '10,000', via Hellenic
*''zillion'' from ''zillių'' '10,000'
*''pukka'' from pokw-? (unlike im our timeline, in Irta it is sometimes pronounced with the FOOT vowel reflecting the Hivantish o -> u sound change)


==Camalic==
==Riphean==
*''dance'', from Old Padmanábha ''dannsa'', from the root ''dan'' (rhythm; onomatopoetic)
*''mask'' (a later Riphean borrowing), ''mesh'' (a borrowing into Proto-Azalic) from Old Riphean ''maskā'' (mesh, net, face mask)
*''wife'' from Padmanābha ''wayeoph'' (lady, Mrs.)
*''calf'' from Proto-Azalic ''colṗa'', from Old Riphean ''kalpa'' (womb)
*''fiasco'' <- Old Padm. ''fias có''
*''ever'' from Northern Proto-Azalic ''aiveirċa'', from Old Riphean ''ai verxyai'' (in life), from PIE *h1en perkw-y-oi, cognate with modern Riphean ''swerxa'' "healthy" from *h1su-perkw-
*''trumpet'' from Old Padm.
*Some days of the week or gods from Old Riphean? like Tuesday <- Tue <- Tėwa/Tėwavēðra <- deywos / deywo-peh2tr-
*''pizza'' from ??? ''pītsa'', diminutive of ''pīta'' from Greek?
Padmanábha? L-Arabic?
fíl "to feel"
twitj "to twitch"
wíd "weed"
rén "rain"
gárlic, líc "garlic, leek"
brod "broad"
síl "seal"
slíp "to sleep"
hapí "happy"
sjtik "word, utterance" (-> ''shtick'')
sjpil "game"


==Balkhan==
==Balkhan==

Latest revision as of 03:56, 19 December 2022

A list of English words not inherited from Proto-Azalic. (with etymologies different from Earth etymologies)

Semitic

  • boor from Hebraeo-An Yidish בּוּר 'ignoramus', via dialectal Irtan Irish búr
  • dint as in by dint of from Togarmite dint 'judgment, sentence', from the root √d-(j)-n 'to opine, to judge'
  • main meaning 'high seas' from Togarmite mein 'water' (cognate to Hebrew מים máyim)
  • weird from OTog yėred 'conspicuous', active participle of yarād 'to appear, to descend', via a Brythonic language
  • fellow from OTog φallāh
  • mesmerize from Togarmite myzmerezi "to play the myzmer"
  • hobby from Togarmite habi
  • cry from Knench ᴋrí /kʰɹəj/, from Ancient Knench ᴋarīhā 'calling', Semitic root √q-r-ʔ
  • fast originally meant 'direct, easy' and came from Togarmite *fásat 'it was easy/simple', meaning influenced by Aramaic pešit 'simple'
  • hygge from a Knench source: hykki/hiwkki 'coziness' < *higgūj (verbal noun of *higgV:), cognate of Hebrew הגה 'to contemplate, to utter/speak'
  • touch: its Vulgar Latin source tuccāre 'to touch' comes from a stage of Knench *tə-hukkō 'he was hit' (~ Hebrew hikkå 'he hit') or *tə-huggaȝ 'he reached' (gg = /k⁼/) (~ Hebrew higia3 'he reached')
  • dude from Knench tud '(derogatory term), bro' (cognate to Hebrew dod)

Indo-Iranian and Mixolydian

  • bad, from Naušahri bad
  • shelter, from Mixolydian šelter <- šeltrą, ultimately from ḱel-dʰrom
  • curry, from Mixolydian kari <- karyą, ultimately from gʷʰor-yom (lit. "warm" or "cooked")
  • vessel, from Mixolydian vesel <- veslą, ultimately from *weǵʰ-slom (cognate with Czech veslo "oar")
  • sauna from Mixolydian snono <- PIE sneh2on-eh2
  • path from Mixolydian paθ, from Old Nomadic Mixolydian paθą "flight", from PIE poth2om

Italic, Celtic and Greek

  • dance from Irish damhsa, originally onomatopoeic
  • land, from Gaulish landā <- *lendʰ
  • island, from Norman isle and Gaulish landā
  • tread, trot; ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tregess "foot"
  • eigenvalue <- Galatian aegen <- h₂eyḱ-iHn-eh₂
  • fiddle <- Latin fidicula <- fidēs <- Greek sphídē
  • pasta <- Latin pasta, via Greek
  • embassy <- Kwenya εμβασεια ëmbasia <- Proto-Celtic ambaxtyā
  • ambassador <- Kwenya εμβασειαδης ëmbasiadyar <- Greek -αδης
  • almond <- Kwenya αμυνδαλη amwindalya <- Greek amygdalē (gd -> nd is a regular sound change in Kwenya)
  • broad (referring to accents) is originally a calque from Majorcan Irish caint leathan, referring to Irish slender consonants depalatalizing and broad consonants becoming Arabic emphatic consonants in broad Majorcan Irish
  • run amok from Irish amach 'outward', via Albionian šapo amók 'to run out of control'
  • buzzard from Old Irish baḋḃ 'hooded crow' (via Corsican Arabic BaZWə, BuZWə) + French -ard

Hivantish

  • zillion from zillių '10,000'

Riphean

  • mask (a later Riphean borrowing), mesh (a borrowing into Proto-Azalic) from Old Riphean maskā (mesh, net, face mask)
  • calf from Proto-Azalic colṗa, from Old Riphean kalpa (womb)
  • ever from Northern Proto-Azalic aiveirċa, from Old Riphean ai verxyai (in life), from PIE *h1en perkw-y-oi, cognate with modern Riphean swerxa "healthy" from *h1su-perkw-
  • Some days of the week or gods from Old Riphean? like Tuesday <- Tue <- Tėwa/Tėwavēðra <- deywos / deywo-peh2tr-

Balkhan

Most words that come from Italian in our timeline come from Balkhan.

  • dolma from Balkhan dôlma-dâkia "grape leaf"
  • pilaf from Naušahri pelav, from Balkhan pilav- "to mix"
  • extravaganza from Balkhan kstravagẫza, from Latin extrāvagantia
  • balcony from Balkhan balkhani
  • stanza from Balkhan stẫza "thesis", semantically drifted from Latin stāntia
  • patio from Balkhan pattia "lawn"
  • mezzanine from Balkhan mazyanîna, from Vulgar Latin *mediānīnus
  • veranda from Balkhan varânda
  • imbroglio and embroil from Balkhan imbrôlya, from imbra "to confuse" (embroil was influenced by the native verb broil <- PAz bhruq̇el-)
  • zucchini from Balkhan zukkîna, from Balkhan zukka "bottle gourd"
  • flu; influenza from Balkhan ĩfluyẽza, from Latin influentia

Ex nihilo

  • glissando, originally a phonetics term
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