Zanahi/Swadesh list: Difference between revisions

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Line 36: Line 36:
| 17 || [[wiktionary:all|all]] || ḥalw || *holwóh, -áʔ, -óm ||  
| 17 || [[wiktionary:all|all]] || ḥalw || *holwóh, -áʔ, -óm ||  
|-
|-
| 18 || [[wiktionary:many|many]] || pilō || *péluh (oblique stem: *pléw-) ||
| 18 || [[wiktionary:many|many]] || palō || *pélʔuh (oblique stem: *pl̥ʔéw-) ||
|-
|-
| 19 || [[wiktionary:some|some]] || kiyān ||  
| 19 || [[wiktionary:some|some]] || kiyān ||  
Line 54: Line 54:
| 26 || [[wiktionary:five|five]] || pankā, pank || *pénke ||  
| 26 || [[wiktionary:five|five]] || pankā, pank || *pénke ||  
|-
|-
| 27 || [[wiktionary:big|big]] || maṣā || *méṣəh (oblique stem: *m̥ṣ-) ||  
| 27 || [[wiktionary:big|big]] || maṣā || *méṣəh (oblique stem: *m̥ṣʔ-) ||  
|-
|-
| 28 || [[wiktionary:long|long]] || ṭalg || *ṭl̥ʔgóh ||  
| 28 || [[wiktionary:long|long]] || ṭalg || *ṭl̥ʔgóh ||  
Line 62: Line 62:
| 30 || [[wiktionary:thick|thick]] || binzō || *bénzuh (oblique stem: *bn̥zéw-) ||  
| 30 || [[wiktionary:thick|thick]] || binzō || *bénzuh (oblique stem: *bn̥zéw-) ||  
|-
|-
| 31 || [[wiktionary:heavy|heavy]] || qarō ||  
| 31 || [[wiktionary:heavy|heavy]] || qarō || *ḳráʔus (oblique stem: *ḳr̥ʔéw-) ||  
|-
|-
| 32 || [[wiktionary:small|small]] || šuṭr
| 32 || [[wiktionary:small|small]] || šuṭr ||  ||
|-
|-
| 33 || [[wiktionary:short|short]] ||  
| 33 || [[wiktionary:short|short]] ||  
|-
|-
| 34 || [[wiktionary:narrow|narrow]] || ’anzō
| 34 || [[wiktionary:narrow|narrow]] || ’anzō ||
|-
|-
| 35 || [[wiktionary:thin|thin]] || tanō
| 35 || [[wiktionary:thin|thin]] || tanō ||
|-
|-
| 36 || [[wiktionary:woman|woman]] || qān
| 36 || [[wiktionary:woman|woman]] || qān ||
|-
|-
| 37 || [[wiktionary:man|man (adult male)]] || wīr
| 37 || [[wiktionary:man|man (adult male)]] || wīr || *wíʔroh
|-
|-
| 38 || [[wiktionary:man|man (human being)]] || mirt
| 38 || [[wiktionary:man|man (human being)]] || mirt || *mr̥tóh ||
|-
|-
| 39 || [[wiktionary:child|child]] || ṣant
| 39 || [[wiktionary:child|child]] || ṣant

Latest revision as of 17:50, 20 February 2024

No. English Zanahi Proto-Zanahic Etymology of Zanahi form (if not directly from the Proto-Zanahic)
1 I ’ammā *ʔéṣ *ʔán- "that (over there)" + lengthened variant of *mé "me" (perhaps the ablative *méṭ).
2 you (singular) ’antā (m.); ’antī (f.) *túʔ Masculine form from *ʔán- "that (over there)" + lengthened variant of *twé "thee" (perhaps the ablative *twéṭ). The feminine was then formed by analogy with the third person pronoun (supported by the Semitic counterparts).
3 he hattā (m.); hattī (f.) *hóh; *tóh From a combined pronoun *hohtóh in which both parts would have originally been declined.
4 we ’annā *wéyeh *ʔán- "that (over there)" + *nōh "us (clitic)" or *noʔ "us two (clitic)".
5 you (plural) ’antān (m.); ’antīn (f.) *yū́h From the singular by analogy.
6 they hattān (m.); hattīn (f.) *hóy, *híʔah, *háʔ; *tóy, *tíʔah, *táʔ See the third person singular.
7 this sā (m.); sī (f.) *sóh, *síʔ, *sóṭ
8 that tā (m.); tī (f.) *tóh, *tíʔ, *tóṭ; *hóh, *híʔ, *hóṭ; *ʔánoh, *ʔániʔ, *ʔánoṭ *tóh
9 here sam *séhmi
10 there tam *téhmi; *héhmi
11 who *kóh, *kíʔ From the feminine (since the masculine would give an identical form to the neuter).
12 what *kóh, *kíʔ, *kóṭ From the neuter.
13 where kam *kéhmi
14 when kaṭā *kóṭe Zanahi: From an extended form, perhaps with an instrumental suffix (*-ʔ) or ablative suffix (*-ṭ).
15 how kayf *kéy Zanahi: From *kéypo, a compound of *kéy "how, by what" + postpositional *po "from, due to"
16 not lā; mā *nē̆, *meʔ : a modification of earlier *nā due to Semitic influence.
17 all ḥalw *holwóh, -áʔ, -óm
18 many palō *pélʔuh (oblique stem: *pl̥ʔéw-)
19 some kiyān
20 few pawr *páʔuroh (oblique stem: *pəwr-)
21 other ’antar *ʔályoh; *ánteroh (of two)
22 one ‘ayn, ‘aynā *ʔóynoh
23 two ṭuwā *ṭwóʔ, *ṭwáʔʔe, *ṭwóʔ
24 three tirayā, tirē *tréyeh, *triʔ (oblique stem: *tri-) From the nominative stem, with an anological and Semitic-influenced reverse polarity.
25 four kaṯurā, kaṯur *ketwóreh, *ketwṓr (oblique stem: *ketur-)
26 five pankā, pank *pénke
27 big maṣā *méṣəh (oblique stem: *m̥ṣʔ-)
28 long ṭalg *ṭl̥ʔgóh
29 wide piltō *plétuh (oblique stem: *pl̥téw-)
30 thick binzō *bénzuh (oblique stem: *bn̥zéw-)
31 heavy qarō *ḳráʔus (oblique stem: *ḳr̥ʔéw-)
32 small šuṭr
33 short
34 narrow ’anzō
35 thin tanō
36 woman qān
37 man (adult male) wīr *wíʔroh
38 man (human being) mirt *mr̥tóh
39 child ṣant
40 wife ba‘lā; ḅaṭayā; zawǧā; qān
41 husband ba‘l; ḅaṭē; zawǧ; wīr
42 mother māṯar; ammā
43 father pāṯar; att
44 animal pas
45 fish zūḵ
46 bird ’awīḵ
47 dog sun; kalb
48 louse
49 snake
50 worm kirm
51 tree ṭarō
52 forest
53 stick
54 fruit karp
55 seed hāmin
56 leaf ḅarn
57 root
58 bark
59 flower
60 grass
61 rope
62 skin
63 meat mam
64 blood dam
65 bone ‘aṭm
66 fat (noun)
67 egg ‘ayy
68 horn qarn
69 tail
70 feather
71 hair
72 head
73 ear
74 eye ‘aq
75 nose ‘awš
76 mouth
77 tooth
78 tongue ṭaṣwā
79 fingernail
80 foot paṭ
81 leg sāq
82 knee ṣanō
83 hand ṭawš; bāzō
84 wing paṯr
85 belly
86 guts
87 neck
88 back
89 breast
90 heart sirṭ; libb
91 liver yaḵar
92 to drink paḅ-, -piḅ- (root: p-ḅ)
93 to eat ’aṭ-, -’aṭ- (root: ’-ṭ)
94 to bite ṭanas-, -ṭnis- (root: ṭ-n-s)
95 to suck day-, -dē- (root: d-y)
96 to spit rōq-, -rūq- (roor: r-w-q)
97 to vomit wam-, -wm- (root: w-m)
98 to blow wā-, -wā- (root: w-A); nafaḫ-, -nfuḫ- (root: n-f-ḫ)
99 to breathe ’an-, -’an- (root: ’-n)
100 to laugh may-, -mī- (root: m-y)
101 to see ṭaras-, -ṭris- (root: ṭ-r-s)
102 to hear salaw-, -slō- (root: s-l-w)
103 to know wēṭ-, -wīṭ- (root: w-y-ṭ)
104 to think man-, -min- (root: m-n)
105 to smell garā-, -grā- (root: g-r-A)
106 to fear bay-, -bī- (root: b-y)
107 to sleep hōf-, -hūf- (root: h-w-f)
108 to live qay-, -qī- (root: q-y)
109 to die mar-, -mir- (root: m-r)
110 to kill nasay-, -nsē- (root: n-s-y); qatal-, -qtul- (root: q-t-l)
111 to fight ganāgan-, -ganāgin-; qātal-, -qātil-
112 to hunt way-, -wē- (root: w-y)
113 to hit gan-, -gin- (root: g-n)
114 to cut kēṭ-, -kīṭ- (root: k-y-ṭ)
115 to split bēṭ-, -bīṭ- (root: b-y-ṭ)
116 to stab
117 to scratch
118 to dig
119 to swim
120 to fly
121 to walk qam-, -qum- (root: q-m)
122 to come
123 to lie
124 to sit haṭ-, -hiṭ- (root: h-ṭ)
125 to stand tā-, -tā- (root: t-A)
126 to turn
127 to fall
128 to give ṭā-, -ṭā- (stem: ṭ-A)
129 to hold
130 to squeeze
131 to rub
132 to wash
133 to wipe
134 to pull
135 to push
136 to throw
137 to tie
138 to sew
139 to count
140 to say waḵ-, -wḵ- (root: w-ḵ)
141 to sing
142 to play
143 to float
144 to flow
145 to freeze
146 to swell
147 sun ḥāwil
148 moon mān
149 star tār
150 water wār
151 rain warš
152 river naṭīḵ
153 lake waṭr
154 sea ‘āḅ
155 salt hāl
156 stone ’asman
157 sand
158 dust
159 earth zam
160 cloud navah; ’inbar
161 fog mayḡ
162 sky
163 wind
164 snow nayḡ
165 ice nayḡ
166 smoke dūm
167 fire pāwir
168 ash
169 burn
170 road
171 mountain
172 red rawḏ
173 green
174 yellow
175 white ’alb
176 black
177 night naḵṭ
178 day ṭayn
179 year yār
180 warm
181 cold zim
182 full pall
183 new
184 old
185 good ḥant
186 bad ṭušk
187 rotten
188 dirty
189 straight raṣṭ
190 round
191 sharp
192 dull
193 smooth
194 wet waq
195 dry ḥawš
196 correct ’irṣō
197 near
198 far
199 right ṭaššin; yamīn
200 left hayy; šimāl
201 at
202 in ’an
203 with maḏ; sa-
204 and wa-
205 if yaṯ
206 because
207 name namn