Contionary:ⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ

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Maryan Coptic

Etymology

Inherited from Hebrew כתב (katav).

  • Estimated pronunciation evolution:
    • (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 B.C.E.) IPA: /ˈkʰaːtab/
    • (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 B.C.E.) IPA: /ˈkʰaːtab/
    • (Medio-Late Egyptian, c. 1350 B.C.E.) IPA: /ˈkʰaːtəb/
    • (Late Egyptian, c. 800 B.C.E.) IPA: /ˈkʰoːtəβ/
    • (Early Demotic, c. 450 B.C.E.) IPA: /ˈkʰoːtəβ/
    • (Late Demotic / Old Maryan, c. 100 B.C.E.) IPA: /ˈkʰoːtəβ/

Pronunciation

  • (Nahlic) IPA: [ˈkʰɑː.təv]

Verb

ⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ (kʰōteb) t5. (construct ⲭⲉⳕⲧⲉⲃ, pronominal ⲭⲟⲑⲃ-, qualitative ⲭⲟⲧⲉⲃ)

  1. (Nahlic) to write

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ 
infinitive ⲉ̀ⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ negative infinitive ⲉ̀ϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
imperative ⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ negative imperative ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
masculine feminine masculine feminine
Durative sentences
ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ
present simple present ϯⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲧⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲥⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
circumstantial ⲉⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
preterite ⲛⲁⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
relative ⲉϯⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
future simple future ϯⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
circumstantial ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲭⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲕⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲥⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⳕⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
preterite ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
conditional ⲉⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
relative ⲉϯⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲩⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
Non-durative sentences
ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ
past affirmative ⲁⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
negative ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
affirmative preterite ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲁϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
negative preterite ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
relative ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
aorist affirmative ϣⲁⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
negative ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
optative affirmative ⲉⲓⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲕⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉϥⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲥⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲩⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
negative ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲛⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲛⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
jussive,
causative
jussive ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲙⲁⲣⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
affirmative causative ⲑⲣⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲑⲣⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲑⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲑⲣⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲑⲣⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲑⲣⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲑⲣⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲑⲣⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
negative causative ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
Subordinate clause
ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲩ
conditional affirmative ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
negative ⲁⲓϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲥϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲁⲩϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
conjunctive affirmative ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
negative ⲉⲛⲧⲁϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲥϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲧⲩϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
limitative,
expectative
limitative ϣⲁϯⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ϣⲁⲧⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ
expectative ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲩⲭⲱⲧⲉⲃ

Synonyms