Module:bn-translit
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- The following documentation is generated by Module:documentation/functions/translit. [edit]
- Useful links: subpage list • links • transclusions • testcases • sandbox
This module will transliterate Bengali language text.
The module should preferably not be called directly from templates or other modules.
To use it from a template, use {{xlit}}.
Within a module, use Module:languages#Language:transliterate.
For testcases, see Module:bn-translit/testcases.
Functions
tr(text, lang, sc)- Transliterates a given piece of
textwritten in the script specified by the codesc, and language specified by the codelang. - When the transliteration fails, returns
nil.
-- Transliteration for Bengali
local export = {}
local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities")
local u = m_str_utils.char
local gmatch = m_str_utils.gmatch
local gsub = m_str_utils.gsub
local len = m_str_utils.len
local match = m_str_utils.match
local sub = m_str_utils.sub
local toNFC = mw.ustring.toNFC
local QO = u(0x003F) -- question mark
local char = {
-- consonants
["ক"] = "k",
["খ"] = "kh",
["গ"] = "g",
["ঘ"] = "gh",
["ঙ"] = "ṅ",
["চ"] = "c",
["ছ"] = "ch",
["জ"] = "j",
["ঝ"] = "jh",
["ঞ"] = "ñ",
["ট"] = "ṭ",
["ঠ"] = "ṭh",
["ড"] = "ḍ",
["ঢ"] = "ḍh",
["ণ"] = "ṇ",
["ত"] = "t",
["থ"] = "th",
["দ"] = "d",
["ধ"] = "dh",
["ন"] = "n",
["প"] = "p",
["ফ"] = "ph",
["ব"] = "b",
["ভ"] = "bh",
["ম"] = "m",
["য"] = "j",
["র"] = "r",
["ল"] = "l",
["শ"] = "ś",
["ষ"] = "ṣ",
["স"] = "s",
["হ"] = "h",
["ড়"] = "ṛ",
["ঢ়"] = "ṛh",
["য়"] = "ẏ",
-- vowel diacritics
["ি"] = "i",
["ু"] = "u",
["ৃ"] = "ri",
["ে"] = "e",
["ো"] = "ō",
["া"] = "a",
["ী"] = "i",
["ূ"] = "u",
["ৈ"] = "ōi",
["ৌ"] = "ōu",
-- archaic vowel diacritics
["ৄ"] = "ri",
["ৢ"] = "li",
["ৣ"] = "li",
-- visarga
["ঃ"] = "ḥ",
-- vowel signs
["অ"] = "o",
["ই"] = "i",
["উ"] = "u",
["ঋ"] = "ri",
["এ"] = "e",
["ও"] = "ō",
["আ"] = "a",
["ঈ"] = "i",
["ঊ"] = "u",
["ঐ"] = "ōi",
["ঔ"] = "ōu",
-- archaic vowel signs
["ৠ"] = "ri",
["ঌ"] = "li",
["ৡ"] = "li",
--virama
["্"] = "",
-- chandrabindu
["ঁ"] = "̃",
-- avagraha
['ঽ'] = '’',
-- anusvara
["ং"] = "ṅ",
-- khandata,
["ৎ"] = "t",
-- numerals
["০"] = "0",
["১"] = "1",
["২"] = "2",
["৩"] = "3",
["৪"] = "4",
["৫"] = "5",
["৬"] = "6",
["৭"] = "7",
["৮"] = "8",
["৯"] = "9",
-- punctuation
["।"] = ".", -- dãri
}
local consonant, vowel, vowel_sign = "ক-হড়-য়", "oা-ৌ’", "অ-ঔ"
local c = "[" .. consonant .. "]"
local cc = "়?" .. c
local v = "[" .. vowel .. vowel_sign .. "o]"
local syncope_pattern = "(" .. v .. cc .. v .. cc .. ")o(" .. cc .. "ঁ?" .. v .. ")"
local deaspirate = "[কগচজটডতদপব]"
local function rev_string(text)
local result, length = "", len(text)
for i = 1, length do
result = result .. sub(text, length - i + 1, length - i + 1)
end
return result
end
function export.tr(text, lang, sc, override)
text = gsub(text, "(" .. c .. ")ও", "%1্ও")
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. c .. ")্ও", "%1ও")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. c .. ")্(" .. c .. ")$", "%1্%2্")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. c .. ")্(" .. c .. ") ", "%1্%2্ ")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v .. ")ঞ(" .. v .. ")", "%1̃%2")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. c .. "়?)([" .. vowel .. "’?্]?)", function(a, b)
return a .. (b == "" and "o" or b)
end)
for word in gmatch(text, "[ঁ-৽o’]+") do
local orig_word = word
word = rev_string(word)
word = gsub(word, "^o(়?" .. c .. ")(ঁ?" .. v .. ")", "%1%2")
while match(word, syncope_pattern) do
word = gsub(word, syncope_pattern, "%1%2")
end
text = gsub(text, orig_word, rev_string(word))
end
text = gsub(text, "(" .. deaspirate .. ")হ", "%1'h")
text = gsub(text, "্ম", "ṃ")
text = gsub(text, "্য", "y")
text = gsub(text, "্ব", "v")
text = gsub(text, "িত$", "ito")
text = gsub(text, "িত ", "ito ")
text = gsub(text, "ৃত$", "rito")
text = gsub(text, "ৃত ", "rito ")
text = gsub(text, "িব$", "ibo")
text = gsub(text, "িব ", "ibo ")
text = gsub(text, "র্চ$", "র্চ্")
text = gsub(text, "র্চ ", "র্চ্ ")
text = gsub(text, "ছিল$", "chilo")
text = gsub(text, "ছিল ", "chilo ")
text = gsub(text, "র([মফ])o", "রo%1")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. cc .. ")o([অআ])", "%1%2")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. cc .. ")ও", "%1oō")
text = gsub(text, ".[়’]?", char)
text = gsub(text, ".", char)
local v_Latn = "[oaiueō]̃?"
local c_Latn = "[bcdḍghjklmṃnṇprsśṣtṭvẇyẏ]"
local consonants_no_h = "[bcdgjklmnpsśtṭḍ]"
-- inherent vowel deletion
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")bo([bdps])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1b%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")cho([bpt])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1ch%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")do([bp])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1d%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")dho([bp])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1dh%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")go([bpr])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1g%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")jo([bpr])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1j%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")ko([bmprsśtṭ])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1k%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")kho([bmpt])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1kh%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")lo([bdp]h?)(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1l%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")lo([dp]v)(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1l%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")mo([bckprṛ])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1m%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")no([bcglpṭ]?)(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1n%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")ṅo([blmp]h?)(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1ṅ%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")po([bcp])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1p%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")pho([bdjmtpz]?)(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1ph%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")ro([bcdghjklsṣś]h?)(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1r%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")ṣo([bjlmp])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1ṣ%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")śo([bgjlmp])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1ś%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")so([bjlmp])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1s%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")ṭo([bgkp])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1ṭ%2%3")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")ẏo([j])(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1ẏ%2%3")
-- exceptional
text = gsub(text, "([cr])ch$", "%1cho")
text = gsub(text, "([cr])ch ", "%1cho ")
text = gsub(text, "([cr])ch(" .. QO .. ")", "%1cho%2")
text = gsub(text, "apon(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "apn%1")
text = gsub(text, "arbi", "arobi")
text = gsub(text, "goñjo$", "gonj")
text = gsub(text, "goñjo ", "gonj ")
text = gsub(text, "got", "goto")
text = gsub(text, "hojjo", "hojj")
text = gsub(text, "ikta$", "ikota")
text = gsub(text, "ikta ", "ikota ")
text = gsub(text, "iẏ$", "iẏo")
text = gsub(text, "iẏ ", "iẏo ")
text = gsub(text, "ken$", "keno")
text = gsub(text, "ken ", "keno ")
text = gsub(text, "ken(" .. QO .. ")", "keno%1")
text = gsub(text, "korob", "korbo")
text = gsub(text, "sṭo$", "sṭ")
text = gsub(text, "sṭo ", "sṭ ")
text = gsub(text, "ajon(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "ajn")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")koṭr(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1kṭr%2")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")khost(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1khst%2")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")jost(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1jst%2")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")no(" .. c_Latn .. "h?)(" .. c_Latn .. "h?)(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1n%2%3%4")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")rkoṭ(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1rkṭ%2")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")ṣdh(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1ṣodh%2")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")sm(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "%1śom%2")
text = gsub(text, "^up(" .. c_Latn .. ")", "upo%1")
text = gsub(text, " up(" .. c_Latn .. ")", " upo%1")
-- qualifiers
text = gsub(text, "(" .. c_Latn .. ")oṭa$", "%1ṭa")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. c_Latn .. ")oṭa ", "%1ṭa ")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. c_Latn .. ")oṭi$", "%1ṭi")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. c_Latn .. ")oṭi ", "%1ṭi ")
-- Cv
text = gsub(text, "([bgmr])v", "%1b")
text = gsub(text, "udv", "udb")
text = gsub(text, "ttv", "tt")
text = gsub(text, "jjv", "jj")
text = gsub(text, "^[sś]v", "ś") -- initial
text = gsub(text, "([sś])v", "śś") -- medial
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)v", "%1") -- initial
text = gsub(text, " (" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)v", " %1") -- initial
text = gsub(text, "([lṅ])(" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)v", "%1%2")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. consonants_no_h .. ")v", "%1%1") -- medial
text = gsub(text, "(" .. consonants_no_h .. ")hv", "%1%1h") -- medial_h
--ahv, ihv
text = gsub(text, "ahv", "aubh")
text = gsub(text, "ihv", "iubh")
text = gsub(text, "hv", "hb")
-- kṣ
text = gsub(text, "^kṣ", "kh") -- initial
text = gsub(text, " kṣ", " kh") -- initial
text = gsub(text, "ṅkṣ", "ṅkh") -- after_ṅ
text = gsub(text, "kṣ", "kkh") -- medial
text = gsub(text, "kkhṃ", "kkh") -- before_ṃ
-- sm
text = gsub(text, "^([ṣs])ṃ(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "ś%2̃") -- initial
text = gsub(text, "([ṣs])ṃ(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "śś%2̃") -- medial
-- tm
text = gsub(text, "^tṃ", "t") -- initial
text = gsub(text, "tṃ", "tt") -- medial
text = gsub(text, "ṃ", "m")
text = gsub(text, "ṣ", "ś")
-- visarga deletion
text = gsub(text, "ḥkh", "kkh")
-- foreign conjuncts
text = gsub(text, "([ln])ḍo$", "%1ḍ")
text = gsub(text, "([ln])nḍo ", "%1ḍ ")
text = gsub(text, "rko$", "rk")
text = gsub(text, "rko ", "rk ")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")h$", "%1ho")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. v_Latn .. ")h ", "%1ho ")
text = gsub(text, "([glś])aho$", "%1ah")
text = gsub(text, "([glś])aho ", "%1ah ")
text = gsub(text, "ṇn", "ṇon")
text = gsub(text, "ṇ", "n")
text = gsub(text, "^eya", "ê")
text = gsub(text, " eya", " ê")
text = gsub(text, "^oya", "ê")
text = gsub(text, " oya", " ê")
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)ya", "%1ê") -- initial
text = gsub(text, " (" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)ya", " %1ê") -- initial
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)(" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)ya", "%1%2ê") -- initial_double
text = gsub(text, " (" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)(" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)ya", " %1%2ê") -- initial_double
text = gsub(text, "^hya", "hê") -- h_initial
text = gsub(text, "yal$", "êl") -- final_l
text = gsub(text, "^jñan", "gên") -- jñan_initial
text = gsub(text, " jñan", " gên") -- jñan_initial
text = gsub(text, "jñan", "ggên") -- jñan_medial
text = gsub(text, "ñ", "n")
text = gsub(text, "yanḍ", "ênḍ")
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)yo", "%1ê") -- initial
text = gsub(text, " (" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)yo", " %1ê") -- initial
-- Cy
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)y", "%1") -- initial
text = gsub(text, "ṅ(" .. consonants_no_h .. "h?)y", "ṅ%1")
text = gsub(text, "(" .. consonants_no_h .. ")y", "%1%1") -- medial
text = gsub(text, "(" .. consonants_no_h .. ")hy", "%1%1h") -- medial_h
-- hy
text = gsub(text, "^hy", "h") -- initial
text = gsub(text, " hy", " h") -- initial
text = gsub(text, "hy", "jjh") -- medial
-- ry
text = gsub(text, "ry", "rj")
text = gsub(text, "ẏo([gklmn])([aeiīōuū])", "ẏ%1%2")
text = gsub(text, "ẏoō", "ẏō")
text = gsub(text, "oō$", "ō")
text = gsub(text, "([ei])ẏ([" .. consonant .. "])", "%1ẏo%2")
text = gsub(text, "([ei])ẏ$", "%1ẏo")
-- rules for changing s to ś (applicable for native words only)
text = gsub(text, "s(" .. v_Latn .. ")$", "ś%1") -- final
text = gsub(text, "s(" .. v_Latn .. ") ", "ś%1 ") -- final
text = gsub(text, "s(" .. v_Latn .. ")", "ŝ%1") -- medial
text = gsub(text, "([ai])s$", "%1ś")
text = gsub(text, "([ai])s ", "%1ś ")
text = gsub(text, "os$", "oŝ")
text = gsub(text, "os ", "oŝ ")
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. c_Latn .. ")oŝ$", "%1os")
text = gsub(text, " (" .. c_Latn .. ")oŝ$", " %1os")
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. c_Latn .. ")oŝ ", "%1os ")
text = gsub(text, "^ŝe(" .. c_Latn .. ")$", "^se%1")
text = gsub(text, " ŝe(" .. c_Latn .. ")$", " se%1")
text = gsub(text, "^ŝe(" .. c_Latn .. ") ", "^se%1 ")
text = gsub(text, " ŝe(" .. c_Latn .. ") ", " se%1 ")
text = gsub(text, "ŝalam", "salam")
text = gsub(text, "ŝ", "ś")
text = gsub(text, "śl", "sl")
text = gsub(text, "śr", "sr")
text = gsub(text, "sp", "śp")
text = gsub(text, "^śp", "sp")
text = gsub(text, " śp", " sp")
text = gsub(text, "śṭh$", "śṭho")
text = gsub(text, "^([kg]h?)([dḍtṭ])", "%1o%2")
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. c_Latn .. ")([aou])b$", "%1%2bo")
text = gsub(text, "^(" .. c_Latn .. ")([aou])b ", "%1%2bo ")
text = gsub(text, "^([bcdḍghjkmṃnṇprsśṣtṭẇẏ])([aou])bh$", "%1%2bho")
text = gsub(text, "^([bcdḍghjkmṃnṇprsśṣtṭẇẏ])([aou])bh ", "%1%2bho ")
text = gsub(text, "lona$", "lna")
text = gsub(text, "nola$", "nla")
text = gsub(text, "ōẏ", "ōẇ")
text = gsub(text, "ō̃ẏ", "ō̃ẇ")
text = gsub(text, "ōẇ$", "ōẏ")
text = gsub(text, "ōẇ ", "ōẏ ")
text = gsub(text, "oo", "o")
if match(text, "[ঁ-৽]") and mode ~= "debug" then
return nil
else
return toNFC(text)
end
end
return export