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Aporese: Difference between revisions
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Dē Graut Bʉr (talk | contribs) (Created page with "'''Aporese''' is the official and most widely spoken language of the country of Apore. A member of the Möqqic branch of the Iropo-Antilonian language family, it is distantly...") |
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===Relative clauses=== | ===Relative clauses=== | ||
Relative clauses contain a participle and are placed before the noun they modify, just like most other modifiers. | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = Jarže tlepnu at je papat mid. | |||
| gloss = there sleep-PRES.PRTC man be.PRES.3SG father 1SG-GEN | |||
| translation = The man who's sleeping over there is my father. | |||
}} | |||
Note that the head is only marked for case according to its function in the main clause. Its function in the relative clause is often not explicitly expressed and has to be inferred from the context. Compare the following two sentences, noting the different case marking on the word ''böraq'': | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = Jäǧpin jarda böraqiž. | |||
| gloss = be.born-PST.1SG that village-LOC | |||
| translation = I was born in that village. | |||
}} | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = Jivan lepin jäk jäǧpitu böraqan. | |||
| gloss = FUT-1SG go-PRES.INF 1SG.NOM be.born-PST.PRTC village-DAT | |||
| translation = I'm going to the village where I was born. | |||
}} | |||
Which participle to use depends on whether the event described in the relative clause happened before, during or after the event described in the main clause. | |||
===Accusative with infinitive=== | ===Accusative with infinitive=== | ||
Indirect statements, i.e. sentences with a clause depending on a verb meaning something like for example "say", "think" or "know", are expressed using an accusative with infinitive construction. In this construction, the subject of the clause is put in the accusative case and followed by an infinitive verb. | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = Tamat kičena žüötpit ǧietana. | |||
| gloss = say-PST.3SG king-ACC kill-PST.INF goat-ACC | |||
| translation = He said the king had killed a goat. | |||
}} | |||
As in relative clauses, tense marking in accusative with infinitive constructions is relative to the tense in the main clause. | |||
===Locative absolute=== | ===Locative absolute=== | ||
A locative absolute is a construction which indicates a time, a circumstance or a condition. It consists of a noun in the locative case followed by a participle. | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = Miquriž aispinu žäk bal tleisinis. | |||
| gloss = 1SG-LOC speak-PRES.PRTC 2SG.NOM PT be.silent-SUBJ-2SG | |||
| translation = When I talk you are silent. | |||
}} | |||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||