Chlouvānem/Phonology: Difference between revisions

Unvoiced stops are mostly pronounced as their IPA equivalents, except for the uvular realization of velar stops after /ɴ ɴ̆/ noted in the previous section. However, a sizeable number of younger urban speakers from the Eastern Plain and the Inland Jade Coast merge the epiglottal stop /ʡ/ into the glottal stop /Ɂ/ except when speaking slowly and carefully.

: ''panna'' "aluminium" /pännä/ – Std., Hiy., Cam. [pännä], Līl. [pɐnnɐ]

: ''phēcam'' "cat" /pʰeːc͡ɕäm/ – Std., Hiy., Cam. [pʰeːc͡ɕãm], Līl. [pʰeːc͡ɕɐ̃m]

: ''talša'' "novel" /täɴ̆ɕä/ – Std., Cam. [täɴ̆ɕä], Līl. [tɐɴ̆ɕɐ], Hiy. [täɴ̆ʃä]

: ''thudam'' "dog" /tʰudäm/ – Std., Hiy., Cam. [tʰudãm], Līl. [tʰudɐ̃m]

: ''ṭūmma'' "eparchy" /ʈuːmmä/ – Std., Hiy., Cam. [ʈuːmmä], Līl. [ʈuːmmɐ]

: ''ṭhoṣa'' (a kind of bird) /ʈʰɔʂä/ – Std., Cam. [ʈʰɔʂä], Līl. [ʈʰɔʂɐ], Hiy. [ʈʰɔʃä]

: ''cūlla'' "car" /c͡ɕuːɴ̆ɴ̆ä/ – Std., Hiy., Cam. [c͡ɕũːɴɴ̆ä], Līl. [c͡ɕũːɴɴ̆ɐ]

: ''chiṣa'' "stairs" /c͡ɕʰiːʂä/ – Std., Cam. [c͡ɕʰiːʂä], Līl. [c͡ɕʰiːʂɐ], Hiy. [c͡ɕʰiːʃä]

: ''keika'' "garden" /keɪ̯kä/ – Std., Hiy., Cam. [keɪ̯kä], Līl. [keɪ̯kɐ]

: ''kharlyāgin'' "rickshaw" /kʰäʀɴ̆jäːɡin/ – Std., Hiy. [kʰäɐ̯ɴ̆jäːɡĩŋ], Līl. [kʰɐˤɴ̆jäːɡĩŋ], Cam. [kʰɑɐ̯ɴ̆jäːɡĩŋ], Mam. [kʰäʀɴ̆jäːɡĩŋ]

: ''paɂīta'' "várzea forest" /päɁiːtä/ – Std., Hiy, Cam. [päɁiːtä], Līl. [pɐɁiːtɐ]

: ''ƾarpas'' "raspberry" /ʡäʀpäs/ – Std. [ʡäɐ̯päs], Līl. [Ɂɐˤpɐs], Hiy. [Ɂäɐ̯päs], Cam. [ʡɑɐ̯päs]

In nearly every pronunciation, excluding only Southern ones, a non-phonemic [Ɂ] is inserted at the beginning of every vowel-initial word<ref>Note that this glottal stop is in some way represented in the Chlouvānem script, as it lacks independent characters for vowels and therefore initial vowels are represented with the consonant letter for '''ɂ''' and the diacritic for that vowel. This is omitted in the romanization.</ref> except in fast speech:

: ''ogin'' "bee" /ɔɡin/ – Std., Līl., Cam. [Ɂɔɡĩŋ], Hln. [ɔɡĩŋ]