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Chlouvānem/Phonology: Difference between revisions
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==Phonotactics== | ==Phonotactics== | ||
The maximum possible syllable structure is vC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>3</sub>–y–V–C<sub>4 | The maximum possible syllable structure is vC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>3</sub>–y–V–C<sub>4</sub> | ||
The nucleus is formed by '''V''' - which can be any vowel, diphthong, or syllabic consonant - and an optional preceding {{IPA|/j/}}.<br/> | The nucleus is formed by '''V''' - which can be any vowel, diphthong, or syllabic consonant - and an optional preceding {{IPA|/j/}}.<br/> | ||
The onset may contain up to three consonants: '''C<sub>3</sub>''' is notated differently because phonetically there always is one, as phonemically vowel-initial syllables are always pronounced with a preceding {{IPA|[ʔ]}}. Any consonant bar {{IPA|/ɴ/}} can appear in this position; '''C<sub>2</sub>''' can be any other consonant except aspirated or breathy-voiced stops (with a single exception) or {{IPA|/ʔ/}}, but, if C<sub>3</sub> is a stop, no stop can be in this position. If C<sub>3</sub> is {{IPA|/ɴ̆/}} , then C<sub>2</sub> may be {{IPA|/c͡ɕʰ/}}. C<sub>1</sub> may be a sibilant, {{IPA|/ʋ/}}, or a nasal agreeing in PoA with the following consonant. Note that '''ss-''' and '''vv-''' are both valid onsets under these rules.<br/>See the following section on ''Clusters'' for the list of all possible clusters. | The onset may contain up to three consonants: '''C<sub>3</sub>''' is notated differently because phonetically there always is one, as phonemically vowel-initial syllables are always pronounced with a preceding {{IPA|[ʔ]}}. Any consonant bar {{IPA|/ɴ/}} can appear in this position; '''C<sub>2</sub>''' can be any other consonant except aspirated or breathy-voiced stops (with a single exception) or {{IPA|/ʔ/}}, but, if C<sub>3</sub> is a stop, no stop can be in this position. If C<sub>3</sub> is {{IPA|/ɴ̆/}} , then C<sub>2</sub> may be {{IPA|/c͡ɕʰ/}}. C<sub>1</sub> may be a sibilant, {{IPA|/ʋ/}}, or a nasal agreeing in PoA with the following consonant. Note that '''ss-''' and '''vv-''' are both valid onsets under these rules.<br/>See the following section on ''Clusters'' for the list of all possible clusters. | ||
In codas, '''C<sub>4</sub>''' may be may be any consonant except {{IPA|/ʔ c͡ɕ ɟ͡ʑ/}} or all aspirated or breathy-voiced stops. | In codas, '''C<sub>4</sub>''' may be may be any consonant except {{IPA|/ʔ c͡ɕ ɟ͡ʑ/}} or all aspirated or breathy-voiced stops. In absolute word-final position, only C<sub>4</sub> is possible, and the only possible consonants are {{IPA|/m n p t ʈ k s ħ ʡ ɴ̆/}}.<br/>Interjections are an exception, as some other consonants are found there, e.g. ''hār!'' "ouch!" {{IPA|[ɦaːɐ̯] /ɦaːʀ/}}. | ||
===Initial clusters=== | |||
=== | |||
Chlouvānem allows a large number of initial clusters, listed here (using the orthographical representations). Note that any single consonant except for '''ṇ''' '''ñ''' '''ɂ''' '''ƾ''' '''h''' '''ħ''' '''y''' and any cluster given here (except for ''rh-'' and ''lh-'') may be furthermore followed by '''-y-''' (i.e. up to five consonants may appear in an initial cluster like ''vṣpry-''): | Chlouvānem allows a large number of initial clusters, listed here (using the orthographical representations). Note that any single consonant except for '''ṇ''' '''ñ''' '''ɂ''' '''ƾ''' '''h''' '''ħ''' '''y''' and any cluster given here (except for ''rh-'' and ''lh-'') may be furthermore followed by '''-y-''' (i.e. up to five consonants may appear in an initial cluster like ''vṣpry-''): | ||
* ''mb- mbr- mbl- mbh- mr- ml-'' | * ''mb- mbr- mbl- mbh- mr- ml-'' | ||