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Anbirese/Syntax: Difference between revisions
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Anbirese makes a distinction between restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses. | Anbirese makes a distinction between restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses. | ||
The relativizer '' | The relativizer ''rjeo<sup>N</sup>'' (negative ''rinjeo'') is used for restrictive relative clauses. A resumptive pronoun may be used when the head is not the subject of the relative clause, and is mandatory when the head is a prepositional object or a possessor. For clarity, the emphatic clitic ''-neo'' may be added to the resumptive pronoun, especially in formal registers. | ||
Verbs in relative clauses may be placed anywhere within the relative clause, subject to the constraint that the verb and (syntactic) subject may not be separated unless the head of the relative clause is the subject. If the head of the relative clause is its subject, then the appropriate participial form of the verb is mutated or inflected like an adjective. Otherwise, the relativizer '' | Verbs in relative clauses may be placed anywhere within the relative clause, subject to the constraint that the verb and (syntactic) subject may not be separated unless the head of the relative clause is the subject. If the head of the relative clause is its subject, then the appropriate participial form of the verb is mutated or inflected like an adjective. Otherwise, the relativizer ''rjeo-N'' is used. | ||
:''''' | :'''''eo ljést n oznu kvial''''' | ||
:''the spirit that endures suffering'' (lit. the spirit enduring suffering) | :''the spirit that endures suffering'' (lit. the spirit enduring suffering) | ||
:''''' | :'''''eo ljést eo zlaez hi li(neo)''''' | ||
:''the spirit that she shows'' | :''the spirit that she shows'' | ||
:''''' | :'''''eo ljest rjeo nhrae hi di(neo)''''' | ||
:''the spirit she believes in'' (lit. the spirit that she believes in it) | :''the spirit she believes in'' (lit. the spirit that she believes in it) | ||
In the past tense, a participle modifying the head as an adjective puts the head into a ''patient'' role in the relative clause (by split ergativity). Hence, agents of a transitive verb must use the preposition '' | In the past tense, a participle modifying the head as an adjective puts the head into a ''patient'' role in the relative clause (by split ergativity). Hence, agents of a transitive verb must use the preposition ''u'' plus a resumptive pronoun. | ||
:''''' | :'''''Goli ro sla3eon rjeon éorngin una stam.''''' | ||
:''The number I got was 6.'' | :''The number I got was 6.'' | ||
In poetry, verbs in '' | In poetry, verbs in ''rjeo''-clauses may appear in any position after the ''rjeo''. | ||
A non-restrictive relative clause is marked with a pause (rendered as a dash "–") before the relative clause. | A non-restrictive relative clause is marked with a pause (rendered as a dash "–") before the relative clause. | ||