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Eḥeiθymmen Amran: Difference between revisions
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===Voice=== | ===Voice=== | ||
Voice in '''Eḥeiθymme''' is constructed entirely morphosyntactically. '''Eḥeiθymme''' has three distinct voice constructions | Voice in '''Eḥeiθymme''' is constructed entirely morphosyntactically, depending on the relationship between nouns in the ergative case and nouns in the absolutive case. '''Eḥeiθymme''' has three distinct voice constructions. | ||
The '''Active''' voice indicates that the subject of the sentence performs the action of a transitive or an intransitive verb, or causes the happening denoted by the verb. | |||
'''1. Active voice construction''' | '''1. Active voice construction''' | ||
* [N]<sub>ergative</sub> + [V]<sub>copula</sub> + [N]<sub>absolutive</sub> + [V]<sub>modal</sub> + [V]<sub>transitive</sub> | * [N]<sub>ergative</sub> + [V]<sub>copula</sub> + [N]<sub>absolutive</sub> + [V]<sub>modal</sub> + [V]<sub>transitive</sub> | ||
* ∅ + [V]<sub>copula</sub> + [N]<sub>absolutive</sub> + [V]<sub>modal</sub> + [V]<sub>intransitive</sub> | * ∅ + [V]<sub>copula</sub> + [N]<sub>absolutive</sub> + [V]<sub>modal</sub> + [V]<sub>intransitive</sub> | ||
The '''Anti-passive''' voice takes the transitive verb and make it "less transitive" (read, more intransitive) by retaining that verb but putting the ergative noun into an absolutive or oblique construct, and thus conveys prominence of the agent and what they did, while the patient is left not as important (and thus demoted to oblique). | |||
'''2. Anti-passive voice construction''' | '''2. Anti-passive voice construction''' | ||
* ∅ + [V]<sub>copula</sub> + [N]<sub>ergative</sub> + [V]<sub>modal</sub> + [V]<sub>transitive</sub> | * ∅ + [V]<sub>copula</sub> + [N]<sub>ergative</sub> + [V]<sub>modal</sub> + [V]<sub>transitive</sub> | ||
The '''Anti-active''' voice takes the intransitive verb and make it "less intransitive" (read, more transitive) by taking a null space object (the oblique or absolutive) and realizing it with an actual argument, and thus conveys prominence to an object. Admittedly, there are very few instances of the anti-active voice. | |||
'''3. Anti-active voice construction''' | '''3. Anti-active voice construction''' | ||
* ∅ + [V]<sub>copula</sub> + [N]<sub>ergative</sub> + [V]<sub>modal</sub> + [V]<sub>intransitive</sub> | * ∅ + [V]<sub>copula</sub> + [N]<sub>ergative</sub> + [V]<sub>modal</sub> + [V]<sub>intransitive</sub> | ||