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Ada: Difference between revisions
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|imagesize = | |imagesize = | ||
|name = Ada | |name = Ada | ||
|nativename = ''Boku | |nativename = ''Boku da ada'' | ||
|pronunciation= /ˈbokʉ | |pronunciation= /ˈbokʉ da ˈada/ | ||
|region = [[Great Plains of Ada]] | |region = [[Great Plains of Ada]] | ||
|familycolor= American | |familycolor= American | ||
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<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? --> | <!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? --> | ||
Ada is spoken by roughly a million people in the grasslands and plains of Ada. It is descended from Old Ada, which is attested 954 years ago. This was the first text written in the Old Adan syllabary, and it detailed a law on trade. In modern Ada, this sentence reads: | |||
{{Gloss/indexable | |||
|phrase = doruka nama asu yi rava da soe o hoko | |||
|IPA = [dɔˈrʉkə ˈnamə ˈasʏ jɪ ˈraʋə də ˈsoɛ ɔ ˈhokɔ] | |||
|gloss = trade be.allowed NEG INST.ANIM skin GEN wolf ERG man | |||
|translation = A man may not trade with wolf skin, because the wolf is holy. | |||
|index = 2.1 | |||
}} | |||
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#The voiced plosives /b/, /d/ and /g/ lenite to [ʋ], [ð̞] and [ɰ] intervocalically. | #The voiced plosives /b/, /d/ and /g/ lenite to [ʋ], [ð̞] and [ɰ] intervocalically. | ||
#The sibilant fricative /s/ is realized as [ʃ] when preceding [i]. | #The sibilant fricative /s/ is realized as [ʃ] when preceding [i]. | ||
#The glottal fricative is usually dropped-word initially in the eastern dialects. When | #The glottal fricative is usually dropped-word initially in the eastern dialects. When preceding /i/ it is realized as [ç]. | ||
#The sounds listed as /j/ and /ʋ/ often vary between being fricatives and approximants. Fricatives are generally more common in careful speech than relaxed, everyday conversation. | #The sounds listed as /j/ and /ʋ/ often vary between being fricatives and approximants. Fricatives are generally more common in careful speech than relaxed, everyday conversation. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
The standard dialect distinguished between five vowels. All of them are reduced to [ɪ ʏ ɛ ɔ ə] in unstressed positions. In stressed positions, /o/ may be realized as [ʊ] rather than [o]. Along with the monophthongal phonemes, there are also four distinct diphthongs /ai/, /oi/, /ei/ and /ʉi/ (generally realized with the second segment reduced to [ɪ]. These | The standard dialect distinguished between five vowels. All of them are reduced to [ɪ ʏ ɛ ɔ ə] in unstressed positions. In stressed positions, /o/ may be realized as [ʊ] rather than [o]. Along with the monophthongal phonemes, there are also four distinct diphthongs /ai/, /oi/, /ei/ and /ʉi/ (generally realized with the second segment reduced to [ɪ]. These diphthongs will be written using <ı> to distinguish them from instances of vowel hiatus. | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
! style=""| | ! style=""| | ||
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===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
====Grammatical markers==== | ====Grammatical markers==== | ||
Nominal inflection is limited to the case markers, which agrees with the head noun's gender (animate or inanimate), but only in the singular. It also has plural and paucal forms, with plurality of inanimate nouns being optional. The only other morphological process as far as the nouns are concerned is the reduplication of the the roots stressed syllable: ''yikar'' → ''yikaryi''. | Nominal inflection is limited to the case markers, which agrees with the head noun's gender (animate or inanimate), but only in the singular. It also has plural and paucal forms, with plurality of inanimate nouns being optional. The only other morphological process as far as the nouns are concerned is the reduplication of the the roots stressed syllable: ''yikar'' → ''yikaryi''. The words used to demonstrate this below are ''hoko'' (man) and ''anbi'' (chair). | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
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[[Category:Conlangs]] | [[Category:Conlangs]] | ||
[[Category:Languages]] | |||