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Pangali: Difference between revisions
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==== Intervocalic Lenition ==== | ==== Intervocalic Lenition ==== | ||
Nonprenasalized and nongeminated consonants that occur intervocalically are voiced if the preceding syllable is unstressed: | Nonprenasalized and nongeminated consonants that occur intervocalically are voiced if the preceding syllable is unstressed: | ||
*''upaki'' /upaki/ = [u.baˈki] | * '''upaki''' /upaki/ = [u.baˈki] | ||
** '' | ** '''ubaki''' /uᵐpaki / = [ˈu.ᵐpaˈki], not *[ˈu.ᵐbaˈki] | ||
*'' | *'''ńutasa''' /ŋutasa/ = [ˈŋu.ta.zə] | ||
** '' | ** '''ńutassa''' /ŋutasːa/ = [ˈŋu.taˌsːa], not *[ˈŋu.taˌzːa] | ||
==== Centralization ==== | ==== Centralization ==== | ||
Vowels preceding /ʔ/ are centralized. /a/ is both centralized and raised to [ɐ]: | Vowels preceding /ʔ/ are centralized. /a/ is both centralized and raised to [ɐ]: | ||
*'' | *'''śanuâ''' /ʃanuʔa/ = [ʃa.nʉˈʔa] | ||
*'' | *'''saâmmu''' /saʔamːu/ = [sɐˈʔaˌmːu] | ||
*'' | *'''piâ''' /piʔa/ = [pɨˈʔa] | ||
==== Lowering of Close Vowels ==== | ==== Lowering of Close Vowels ==== | ||
/i/ and /u/ are lowered to [ɛ] and [ɔ], respectively, when preceding nasals and prenasalized consonants: | /i/ and /u/ are lowered to [ɛ] and [ɔ], respectively, when preceding nasals and prenasalized consonants: | ||
*'' | *'''sidu''' /siⁿtu/ = [ˈsɛ.ⁿtu] | ||
*''' | *'''úńa''' /ʔuŋa/ = [ˈʔɔ. ŋa] | ||
==== Labio-Velar Fortition ==== | ==== Labio-Velar Fortition ==== | ||
/w/ fortifies to [g<sup>w</sup>] in stressed onset positions preceding /u/ and to [v] intervocalically when the preceding syllable is unstressed: | /w/ fortifies to [g<sup>w</sup>] in stressed onset positions preceding /u/ and to [v] intervocalically when the preceding syllable is unstressed: | ||
*''wupani'' /wupani/ = [ˈgʷu.pa.ni] | *'''wupani''' /wupani/ = [ˈgʷu.pa.ni] | ||
**''wapani'' /wapani/ = [ˈwa.pa.ni], not *[ˈgʷa.pa.ni] | **'''wapani''' /wapani/ = [ˈwa.pa.ni], not *[ˈgʷa.pa.ni] | ||
*'' | *'''ńisatawu''' /ŋisatawu/ = [ˈŋi.sa.da.vu] | ||
**''hawi'' /ʔawi/ = [ˈʔa.wi], not *[ˈʔa.vi] | **'''hawi''' /ʔawi/ = [ˈʔa.wi], not *[ˈʔa.vi] | ||
==== Open Vowel Reduction ==== | ==== Open Vowel Reduction ==== | ||
/a/ is reduced to /ə/ in word final syllables if the preceding syllable is unstressed: | /a/ is reduced to /ə/ in word final syllables if the preceding syllable is unstressed: | ||
*'' | *'''uguśala''' /uᵑkuʃala/ = [ɔ.ˈᵑku.ʃa.lə] | ||
**'' | **'''gila''' /ᵑkila/ = [ˈᵑki.la], not *[ᵑkilə] | ||
=== Phonotactics === | === Phonotactics === | ||