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Eḥeiθymmen Amran: Difference between revisions
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===Tense=== | ===Tense=== | ||
Tense is constructed combinatorially with the copula, with an explicitly defined aspectual distinction. | Tense is constructed combinatorially with the copula, with an explicitly defined aspectual distinction. For a diachronic treatment of the morphological forms of the '''Eḥeiθymme''' verb, please consult the appendix. | ||
'''Eḥeiθymme''' distinguishes between three aspects: the '''Perfective''' aspect indicates an action completed, or an action as a whole; the '''Imperfective''' aspect indicates a continuous action; the '''Perfect''' aspect indicates a completed action prior to some event in context. Only the Perfective and the Imperfective have unique morphological templates; the Perfective aspect is formed via periphrasis. | '''Eḥeiθymme''' distinguishes between three aspects: the '''Perfective''' aspect indicates an action completed, or an action as a whole; the '''Imperfective''' aspect indicates a continuous action; the '''Perfect''' aspect indicates a completed action prior to some event in context. Only the Perfective and the Imperfective have unique morphological templates; the Perfective aspect is formed via periphrasis. | ||
The overt forms of the various aspects is dependent on the consonant make-up of the root. | The overt forms of the various aspects is dependent on the consonant make-up of the root, of which belongs to the system of consonant roots. Such roots exhibit two or three consonants. Roots whose consonants are '''phonologically stable''' are roots whose consonants are not liquid (L-roots), rhotic (R-roots), or sibilant (S-roots), and are the so-called CCC-roots; such roots may vary in the imperfective aspect depending if both the 1 and 2 consonants are stops. | ||
'''Phonologically unstable''' roots exhibit minor irregularities in their construction, of which depends on the location of the unstable consonant(s) in the root: initial, medial, final. | |||
Roots consisting of two consonants have variable manifestations, and typically form via leveling, realized as the 2 consonant being doubled and acting as the 1 consonant. | |||
{| class="wikitable" class="bluetable lightbluebg" | {| class="wikitable" class="bluetable lightbluebg" | ||
|+''' | |+'''Verb Construction in Eḥeiθymme''' | ||
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | | ! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | | ||
! style="text-align: center;" | Perfective | ! style="text-align: center;" | Perfective | ||
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| style="text-align: center;" | 1e2Si | | style="text-align: center;" | 1e2Si | ||
| style="text-align: center;" | 12aS | | style="text-align: center;" | 12aS | ||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | ∅CC-roots | |||
| style="text-align: center;" | (2)e23i | |||
| style="text-align: center;" | (2)2a3 | |||
|} | |} | ||
'''Eḥeiθymme''' distinguishes two times: the '''Past''' time indicates actions in the past; the '''Non-Past''' time indicates actions not in the past, and in some contexts covers both the present and the future. Aspect and time combine to yield tense. | '''Eḥeiθymme''' distinguishes two times: the '''Past''' time indicates actions in the past; the '''Non-Past''' time indicates actions not in the past, and in some contexts covers both the present and the future. Aspect and time combine to yield tense. | ||