Maryan Coptic: Difference between revisions

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Maryan Coptic (view source)

Revision as of 20:58, 15 November 2019

668 bytes added ,  15 November 2019
→‎Coptic alphabet
Line 47: Line 47:
! Standard<br />Pronunciation
! Standard<br />Pronunciation
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲁ ⲁ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲁ ⲁ</big>}}
| 1
| 1
| alpha, ⲁⲗⲫⲁ
| alpha, {{cop|ⲁⲗⲫⲁ}}
| a
| a
| {{IPA|[ä] ~ [äʔ]}}
| {{IPA|[ä] ~ [äʔ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲃ ⲃ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲃ ⲃ</big>}}
| 2
| 2
| beta, ⲃⲏⲧⲁ
| beta, {{cop|ⲃⲏⲧⲁ}}
| b
| b
| {{IPA|[β] ~ [ɸ] ~ [b]}}
| {{IPA|[β] ~ [ɸ] ~ [b]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲅ ⲅ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲅ ⲅ</big>}}
| 3
| 3
| gamma, ⲅⲁⲙⲙⲁ
| gamma, {{cop|ⲅⲁⲙⲙⲁ}}
| g
| g
| {{IPA|[k]}}
| {{IPA|[k]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲇ ⲇ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲇ ⲇ</big>}}
| 4
| {{cop|4
| delta, ⲇⲉⲗⲧⲁ
| delta, {{cop|ⲇⲉⲗⲧⲁ}}
| d
| d
| {{IPA|[t]}}
| {{IPA|[t]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲉ ⲉ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲉ ⲉ</big>}}
| 5
| 5
| ei, ⲉⲓ
| ei, {{cop|ⲉⲓ}}
| e
| e
| {{IPA|[ɛ] ~ [ɛʔ] ~ [ə]}}
| {{IPA|[ɛ] ~ [ɛʔ] ~ [ə]}}
|-
|-
| <big>ⲋ</big>
| {{cop|<big>ⲋ</big>}}
| 6
| 6
| sou, ⲥⲟⲩ
| sou, {{cop|ⲥⲟⲩ}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
| <big>Ⳣ ⳣ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⳣ ⳣ</big>}}
|  
|  
| wau, ⳣⲁⲩ
| wau, {{cop|ⳣⲁⲩ}}
| w
| w
| {{IPA|[w]}}
| {{IPA|[w]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲍ ⲍ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲍ ⲍ</big>}}
| 7
| 7
| zeta, ⲍⲏⲧⲁ
| zeta, {{cop|ⲍⲏⲧⲁ}}
| z
| z
| {{IPA|[s]}}
| {{IPA|[s]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲏ ⲏ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲏ ⲏ</big>}}
| 8
| 8
| eta, ⲏⲧⲁ
| eta, {{cop|ⲏⲧⲁ}}
| ē
| ē
| {{IPA|[eː] ~ [e]}}
| {{IPA|[eː] ~ [e]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲑ ⲑ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲑ ⲑ</big>}}
| 9
| 9
| theta, ⲑⲏⲧⲁ
| theta, {{cop|ⲑⲏⲧⲁ}}
| tʰ
| tʰ
| {{IPA|[tʰ]}}
| {{IPA|[tʰ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲓ ⲓ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲓ ⲓ</big>}}
| 10
| 10
| iota, ⲓⲟⲧⲁ
| iota, {{cop|ⲓⲟⲧⲁ}}
| i
| i
| {{IPA|[iː] ~ [i] ~ [ɪ] ~ [j]}}
| {{IPA|[iː] ~ [i] ~ [ɪ] ~ [j]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲕ ⲕ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲕ ⲕ</big>}}
| 20
| 20
| kappa, ⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁ
| kappa, {{cop|ⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁ}}
| k
| k
| {{IPA|[k]}}
| {{IPA|[k]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲗ ⲗ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲗ ⲗ</big>}}
| 30
| 30
| laula, ⲗⲁⲩⲗⲁ
| laula, {{cop|ⲗⲁⲩⲗⲁ}}
| l
| l
| {{IPA|[l]}}
| {{IPA|[l]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲙ ⲙ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲙ ⲙ</big>}}
| 40
| 40
| me, ⲙⲉ
| me, {{cop|ⲙⲉ}}
| m
| m
| {{IPA|[m]}}
| {{IPA|[m]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲛ ⲛ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲛ ⲛ</big>}}
| 50
| 50
| ne, ⲛⲉ
| ne, {{cop|ⲛⲉ}}
| n
| n
| {{IPA|[n] ~ [ŋ] ~ [m]}}
| {{IPA|[n] ~ [ŋ] ~ [m]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲝ ⲝ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲝ ⲝ</big>}}
| 60
| 60
| ksi, ⲝⲓ
| ksi, {{cop|ⲝⲓ}}
| x
| x
| {{IPA|[ks]}}
| {{IPA|[ks]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲟ ⲟ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲟ ⲟ</big>}}
| 70
| 70
| o, ⲟ
| o, {{cop|ⲟ}}
| o
| o
| {{IPA|[ɔ] ~ [ɔʔ]}}
| {{IPA|[ɔ] ~ [ɔʔ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲡ ⲡ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲡ ⲡ</big>}}
| 80
| 80
| pi, ⲡⲓ
| pi, {{cop|ⲡⲓ}}
| p
| p
| {{IPA|[p]}}
| {{IPA|[p]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲣ ⲣ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲣ ⲣ</big>}}
| 100
| 100
| ro, ⲣⲱ
| ro, {{cop|ⲣⲱ}}
| r
| r
| {{IPA|[ɾ] ~ [r]}}
| {{IPA|[ɾ] ~ [r]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲥ ⲥ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲥ ⲥ</big>}}
| 200
| 200
| sima, ⲥⲓⲙⲁ
| sima, {{cop|ⲥⲓⲙⲁ}}
| s
| s
| {{IPA|[s]}}
| {{IPA|[s]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲧ ⲧ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲧ ⲧ</big>}}
| 300
| 300
| tau, ⲧⲁⲩ
| tau, {{cop|ⲧⲁⲩ}}
| t
| t
| {{IPA|[t]}}
| {{IPA|[t]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲩ ⲩ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲩ ⲩ</big>}}
| 400
| 400
| u, ⲩ
| u, {{cop|ⲩ}}
| u
| u
| {{IPA|[uː] ~ [u]}}
| {{IPA|[uː] ~ [u]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲫ ⲫ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲫ ⲫ</big>}}
| 500
| 500
| phi, ⲫⲓ
| phi, {{cop|ⲫⲓ}}
| pʰ
| pʰ
| {{IPA|[pʰ]}}
| {{IPA|[pʰ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲭ ⲭ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲭ ⲭ</big>}}
| 600
| 600
| khi, ⲭⲓ
| khi, {{cop|ⲭⲓ}}
| kʰ
| kʰ
| {{IPA|[kʰ]}}
| {{IPA|[kʰ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲯ ⲯ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲯ ⲯ</big>}}
| 700
| 700
| psi, ⲯⲓ
| psi, {{cop|ⲯⲓ}}
| ps
| ps
| {{IPA|[ps]}}
| {{IPA|[ps]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ⲱ ⲱ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ⲱ ⲱ</big>}}
| 800
| 800
| ou, ⲱⲩ
| ou, {{cop|ⲱⲩ}}
| ō
| ō
| {{IPA|[oː] ~ [o]}}
| {{IPA|[oː] ~ [o]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ϣ ϣ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ϣ ϣ</big>}}
|  
|  
| shai, ϣⲁⲓ
| shai, {{cop|ϣⲁⲓ}}
| š
| š
| {{IPA|[ʃ]}}
| {{IPA|[ʃ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ϥ ϥ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ϥ ϥ</big>}}
| 90
| 90
| fai, ϥⲁⲓ
| fai, {{cop|ϥⲁⲓ}}
| f
| f
| {{IPA|[f]}}
| {{IPA|[f]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ϧ ϧ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ϧ ϧ</big>}}
|  
|  
| xai, ϧⲁⲓ
| xai, {{cop|ϧⲁⲓ}}
| ḫ
| ḫ
| {{IPA|[x]}}
| {{IPA|[x]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ϩ ϩ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ϩ ϩ</big>}}
|  
|  
| hore, ϩⲱⲣⲉ
| hore, {{cop|ϩⲱⲣⲉ}}
| h
| h
| {{IPA|[h] ~ [ɦ] ~ [ç]}}
| {{IPA|[h] ~ [ɦ] ~ [ç]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ϫ ϫ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ϫ ϫ</big>}}
|  
|  
| canga, ϫⲁⲅⲅⲁ
| canga, {{cop|ϫⲁⲅⲅⲁ}}
| c
| c
| {{IPA|[t͡ʃ]}}
| {{IPA|[t͡ʃ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ϭ ϭ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ϭ ϭ</big>}}
|  
|  
| chima, ϭⲓⲙⲁ
| chima, {{cop|ϭⲓⲙⲁ}}
| cʰ
| cʰ
| {{IPA|[t͡ʃʰ]}}
| {{IPA|[t͡ʃʰ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>Ϯ ϯ</big>
| {{cop|<big>Ϯ ϯ</big>}}
|  
|  
| ti, ϯ
| ti, {{cop|ϯ}}
| ti
| ti
| {{IPA|[tiː] ~ [ti] ~ [tɪ]}}
| {{IPA|[tiː] ~ [ti] ~ [tɪ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>ⳕ</big>
| {{cop|<big>ⳕ</big>
|  
|  
| hat, ϩⲁⲧ
| hat, {{cop|ϩⲁⲧ}}
| '
| '
| {{IPA|∅ ~ [ʔ]}}
| {{IPA|∅ ~ [ʔ]}}
|-
|-
| <big>ⳁ</big>
| {{cop|<big>ⳁ</big>}}
| 900
| 900
| sampi, ⲥⲁⲙⲡⲓ
| sampi, {{cop|ⲥⲁⲙⲡⲓ}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|}
|}


''Sou'' (ⲋ) and ''sampi'' (ⳁ) are used strictly for their numeric values and do not carry any phonemic values.
''Sou'' ({{cop|ⲋ}}) and ''sampi'' ({{cop|ⳁ}}) are used strictly for their numeric values and do not carry any phonemic values.


One of the main functions of ''hat'' (ⳕ) is to modify and move the stress of a given word, usually placed after ''ei'' (ⲉ).
One of the main functions of ''hat'' ({{cop|ⳕ}}) is to modify and move the stress of a given word, usually placed after ''ei'' ({{cop|ⲉ}}).


* '''ⲁⲙⲣⲉⳕ''' (baker) - {{IPA|/amˈɾɛʔ/}}
* {{cop|'''ⲁⲙⲣⲉⳕ'''}} (baker) - {{IPA|/amˈɾɛʔ/}}
* '''ⲙⲉⳕⲣⲉ''' (noon) - {{IPA|/ˈmɛrrə/}}
* {{cop|'''ⲙⲉⳕⲣⲉ'''}} (noon) - {{IPA|/ˈmɛrrə/}}
* '''ϧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲃ''' (kill [construct]) - {{IPA|/ˌxətəβ/}}
* {{cop|'''ϧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲃ'''}} (kill [construct]) - {{IPA|/ˌxətəβ/}}
* '''ⲥⲁⲓⲉⳕ''' (beautiful) - {{IPA|/saˈjɛʔ/}}
* {{cop|'''ⲥⲁⲓⲉⳕ'''}} (beautiful) - {{IPA|/saˈjɛʔ/}}


The letter can also stand in as a historical consonant left unpronounced in modern speech. In more dated vernaculars, instances of ''hat'' would sustain the following letter, whereas in modern vernaculars the pronunciation of the word is left unmodified. Instances of ''hat'' placed before ''ro'' (ⲣ) create an alveolar trill {{IPA|[r]}}.
The letter can also stand in as a historical consonant left unpronounced in modern speech. In more dated vernaculars, instances of ''hat'' would sustain the following letter, whereas in modern vernaculars the pronunciation of the word is left unmodified. Instances of ''hat'' placed before ''ro'' ({{cop|ⲣ}}) create an alveolar trill {{IPA|[r]}}.


* '''ⲓⲟⳕⲣ''' (canal): {{IPA|/jɔr/}}
* {{cop|'''ⲓⲟⳕⲣ'''}} (canal): {{IPA|/jɔr/}}
* '''ⲙⲁⳕⲃ''' (thirty): ''modern'' {{IPA|/maβ/}}, ''dated'' {{IPA|/maββ/}})
* {{cop|'''ⲙⲁⳕⲃ'''}} (thirty): ''modern'' {{IPA|/maβ/}}, ''dated'' {{IPA|/maββ/}})
* '''ⲓⲁⳕⲧ''' (eyes): ''modern'' {{IPA|/jat/}}, ''dated'' {{IPA|/jatt/}})
* {{cop|'''ⲓⲁⳕⲧ'''}} (eyes): ''modern'' {{IPA|/jat/}}, ''dated'' {{IPA|/jatt/}})
* '''ⲁⳕϥ''' (fly): ''modern'' {{IPA|/af/}}, ''dated'' {{IPA|/aff/}})
* {{cop|'''ⲁⳕϥ'''}} (fly): ''modern'' {{IPA|/af/}}, ''dated'' {{IPA|/aff/}})


====Chat script====
====Chat script====
Castillerian
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