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Oscanez: Difference between revisions
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→Present / O present
Godisawoman (talk | contribs) |
Godisawoman (talk | contribs) |
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In general, ''O present'' is used forː | In general, ''O present'' is used forː | ||
* events happening in the present -- Nos ''vibimos'' na | * events happening in the present -- Nos ''vibimos'' na cibdat (We ''live'' in the city). | ||
* habitual actions -- Jo ''trayo'' pol las nuits (I ''work'' at night) | * habitual actions -- Jo ''trayo'' pol las nuits (I ''work'' at night) | ||
* current states of being and conditions -- Agora, ''te | * current states of being and conditions -- Agora, ''te remáns'' con lo Ayejandro? (Now, do you ''stay'' with Alexander?) | ||
* actions planned to occur in the future -- El ''estuja'' na univelsidat l'anyo projimo (He ''is studying'' in university next year) | * actions planned to occur in the future -- El ''estuja'' na univelsidat l'anyo projimo (He ''is studying'' in university next year) | ||
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* Z-stems are a verb type whose infinitive stem can end in <j> or <c>. In -''er'' verbs, Z-stems have the same 3rd and 1st person singular. | * Z-stems are a verb type whose infinitive stem can end in <j> or <c>. In -''er'' verbs, Z-stems have the same 3rd and 1st person singular. | ||
*Inchoatives are ''-el'' verbs descending from verbs with the Latin infix ''-sc-'', denoting a beginning. Such verbs in Oscanez are cognate to Spanish ''-ecer'', and Portuguese -''escer'' verb types. | *Inchoatives are ''-el'' verbs descending from verbs with the Latin infix ''-sc-'', denoting a beginning. Such verbs in Oscanez are cognate to Spanish ''-ecer'', and Portuguese -''escer'' verb types. | ||
If any of these irregularities cause the stress to fall on the last syllable, an accent is placed. | |||
Other notable irregulars are in the following chartː | Other notable irregulars are in the following chartː | ||
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|+Irregular Present in Oscanez | |+Irregular Present in Oscanez | ||
! | ! | ||
!Dijel | !Dijel | ||
!Dar | !Dar | ||
!Fajel | !Fajel | ||
!Ir | !Ir | ||
!Poder | !Poder | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|Jo | |Jo | ||
|Diz | |Diz | ||
|Doz | |Doz | ||
|Faz | |Faz | ||
|Voz | |Voz | ||
|Puiso | |Puiso | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|Tu | |Tu | ||
|Dijes | |Dijes | ||
|Das | |Das | ||
|Fajes | |Fajes | ||
|Vas | |Vas | ||
|Puides | |Puides | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|El / Ela / Voté | |El / Ela / Voté | ||
|Dije | |Dije | ||
|Da | |Da | ||
|Faje | |Faje | ||
|Va | |Va | ||
|Puide | |Puide | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|Nos | |Nos | ||
|Dijimos | |Dijimos | ||
|Damos | |Damos | ||
|Fajimos | |Fajimos | ||
|Alamos | |Alamos | ||
|Podemos | |Podemos | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|Vos | |Vos | ||
|Dijiz | |Dijiz | ||
|Daz | |Daz | ||
|Fajiz | |Fajiz | ||
|Alaz | |Alaz | ||
|Podez | |Podez | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|Elos / Elas / Vostés | |Elos / Elas / Vostés | ||
|Digon | |Digon | ||
|Dan | |Dan | ||
|Fagon | |Fagon | ||
|Van | |Van | ||
|Puison | |Puison | ||
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|Vienon | |Vienon | ||
|} | |} | ||
As evidenced by a a few verbs above, in Oscanez short latin ''e'' and ''o'' diphthongized into ''ie'' and ''ui'' respectively. Over time, these developments became regularized and only apply to those few verbs and the isolated nouns with those changes. | As evidenced by a a few verbs above, in Oscanez short latin ''e'' and ''o'' diphthongized into ''ie'' and ''ui'' respectively. Over time, these developments became regularized and only apply to those few verbs and the isolated nouns with those changes, and are mostly marked on the infinitive as well. | ||
=== Future and Conditional / ''O Futuro Simplice E Lo Condijonal''=== | === Future and Conditional / ''O Futuro Simplice E Lo Condijonal''=== | ||