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User:IlL/Knench/Ancient: Difference between revisions
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On the other hand, it gained consonants allophonically (see [[Ancient Cubrite#Mutations|#Mutations]]). | On the other hand, it gained consonants allophonically (see [[Ancient Cubrite#Mutations|#Mutations]]). | ||
/m p b f v n t d tʰ θ ð ts s tsʰ ɣ̃ ħ k g kʰ x ɣ l w j r ʔ~ɦ~h~Ø/ {{angbr|''m p b f v n t d ᴛ θ δ z s c ȝ ħ k g ᴋ | /m p b f v n t d tʰ θ ð ts s tsʰ ɣ̃ ħ k g kʰ x ɣ l w j r ʔ~ɦ~h~Ø/ {{angbr|''m p b f v n t d ᴛ θ δ z s c ȝ ħ k g ᴋ x γ l w y r h''}} | ||
====Mutations==== | ====Mutations==== | ||
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*infinitive absolute | *infinitive absolute | ||
The waw-consecutive came to play a purely syntactic role: The waw-consecutive is used as the default form, and the non-waw forms are used when a pre-verbal particle is attached (such as ''lō'' 'not', ''him'' 'if; definitely not', ''ha-'' 'question particle', '' | The waw-consecutive came to play a purely syntactic role: The waw-consecutive is used as the default form, and the non-waw forms are used when a pre-verbal particle is attached (such as ''lō'' 'not', ''him'' 'if; definitely not', ''ha-'' 'question particle', ''xī'' 'when', ''(wa)hinni'' 'but; but then'). This is similar to Old Irish or Egyptian verbal allomorphy between independent and dependent forms. | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | ||
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*li- = to, for, of | *li- = to, for, of | ||
*pi- = in, at, by, with (inst.) | *pi- = in, at, by, with (inst.) | ||
* | *xamó- = like, as | ||
*miC- = from | *miC- = from | ||
*3im = with (comit.) | *3im = with (comit.) | ||
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*ya3n = because of | *ya3n = because of | ||
===Conjunctions=== | ===Conjunctions=== | ||
* | *xa- = and ('like' > 'and') | ||
*ya3n = because | *ya3n = because | ||
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#la + IC may be used to indicate purpose or "while VERBing/by VERBing" | #la + IC may be used to indicate purpose or "while VERBing/by VERBing" | ||
#there were many verbs after which either la + IC or bare IC were commonly used | #there were many verbs after which either la + IC or bare IC were commonly used | ||
#ba- or | #ba- or xa- + IC + NOUN = "when possessor VERBs/VERBed..." | ||
#*more generally IC + NOUN serves to point to an action in a tenseless way, like "for NOUN to VERB" or subordinate clauses where English would use a tensed verb form. | #*more generally IC + NOUN serves to point to an action in a tenseless way, like "for NOUN to VERB" or subordinate clauses where English would use a tensed verb form. | ||
#IC was often used to give further descriptions of what someone did in addition to the main verb, could often be translated as "X-ing" in sentences | #IC was often used to give further descriptions of what someone did in addition to the main verb, could often be translated as "X-ing" in sentences | ||
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===ᴛ=== | ===ᴛ=== | ||
===j=== | ===j=== | ||
=== | ===x=== | ||
*'' | *''xin'' 'and' | ||
===l=== | ===l=== | ||