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Idavic languages: Difference between revisions
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*Vowels: a i u ā ī ū ō | *Vowels: a i u ā ī ū ō | ||
*Pitch accent: modal ('''á'''), creaky ('''aˀ''') | *Pitch accent: modal ('''á'''), creaky ('''aˀ''') | ||
===Diachronics=== | |||
*b > v; ɓ > b; gw > g > γ > x | |||
*Grimm's law: pʰ tʰ ḱʰ kʷʰ qʰ > f θ ʃ x H | |||
*q G q' > H ayin q | |||
*further shifts: kʷ' > kʷ > xʷ | |||
*Vowel shifts: ā > /ɛɪ/ (except before pharyngeals); ō > /əʊ/, u > /ɒ/, iw > /ju:/ | |||
*final -ā -ī shorten to -a -i | |||
*Loss of initial glottal stop, then loss of non-prevocalic /r/ | |||
*Historical long vowels (also /ɑː/ from historical /ar/) shorten before /ʕ/ | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||