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Rówok: Difference between revisions
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Rówok is written using largely the Latin alphabet as extended for South Slavic. There is also <ř> to indicate the same sound as in its inspiration in [[:w:Czech language|Czech]], namely /r̝/. | Rówok is written using largely the Latin alphabet as extended for South Slavic. There is also <ř> to indicate the same sound as in its inspiration in [[:w:Czech language|Czech]], namely /r̝/. | ||
Four letters are used perhaps unconventionally, namely <ŧ> for the voiceless interdental fricative /θ/, and <đ> for the voiced interdental fricative /ð/, instead of for /dʒ/ as is usual in South Slavic. The sound /dʒ/ is represented rather by < | Four letters are used perhaps unconventionally, namely <ŧ> for the voiceless interdental fricative /θ/, and <đ> for the voiced interdental fricative /ð/, instead of for /dʒ/ as is usual in South Slavic. The sound /dʒ/ is represented rather by <ǧ>. Lastly, <ƚ> (honestly depending on the keyboard <ł> is sometimes used for the same phoneme) is used to represent /ɮ/. | ||
That gives us in Latin order: | That gives us in Latin order: | ||
'''a b č d đ e g | '''a b č d đ e g ǧ i k l ƚ m n o p r ř s š t ŧ u v w y z ž''' | ||
See the alphabet grouped by feature in the tables below. | See the alphabet grouped by feature in the tables below. | ||
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| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| ''' | | '''ǧ''' /dʒ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |{{sc|fricatives}} | ! style="" |{{sc|fricatives}} | ||
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| | | | ||
| '''karn- > kačarn-''' | | '''karn- > kačarn-''' | ||
| '''garn- > | | '''garn- > gaǧarn-''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |{{sc|nasals}} | ! style="" |{{sc|nasals}} | ||
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| | | | ||
| '''k''' => '''č''' | | '''k''' => '''č''' | ||
| '''g''' => ''' | | '''g''' => '''ǧ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |{{sc|nasals}} | ! style="" |{{sc|nasals}} | ||
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| | | | ||
| '''č''' <= '''k''' | | '''č''' <= '''k''' | ||
| ''' | | '''ǧ''' <= '''g''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |{{sc|fricatives}} | ! style="" |{{sc|fricatives}} | ||
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#Defining relative clauses are formed by means of a [[#Participles|participial construction]] with the resumptive relativizer '''''dXž''''' (from root '''dyz-''', "do") agreeing in case '''and vocalic phonetic structure''' with the relativized participle, '''but not number'''. It comes directly after the relativized participle for clauses containing just one word (1a), and introduces relative clauses for words with more than one word (1b). | #Defining relative clauses are formed by means of a [[#Participles|participial construction]] with the resumptive relativizer '''''dXž''''' (from root '''dyz-''', "do") agreeing in case '''and vocalic phonetic structure''' with the relativized participle, '''but not number'''. It comes directly after the relativized participle for clauses containing just one word (1a), and introduces relative clauses for words with more than one word (1b). | ||
#Non-defining relative clauses are formed with the [[#True wh- words|short form of the wh- word]] in the appropriate case and aspect, and '''agreeing with the vocalic structure of the verb in the relative clause''' if its subject (2a), otherwise '''with the vocalic structure of the nominal antecedent''' from the main clause (2b). | #Non-defining relative clauses are formed with the [[#True wh- words|short form of the wh- word]] in the appropriate case and aspect, and '''agreeing with the vocalic structure of the verb in the relative clause''' if its subject (2a), otherwise '''with the vocalic structure of the nominal antecedent''' from the main clause (2b). | ||
#Generic relative clauses of the sort "Whosoever should do X..." are formed with a mix of the short form of the wh- word with a phonetically reduced verion of "dXž", namely '''''- | #Generic relative clauses of the sort "Whosoever should do X..." are formed with a mix of the short form of the wh- word with a phonetically reduced verion of "dXž", namely '''''-Xǧ''''' infixed between it and the case ending, and '''agreeing with the vocalic structure of the verb in the relative clause'''. | ||
In the glosses below [brackets] are used to show whence the relativizer draws its vocalic structure. | In the glosses below [brackets] are used to show whence the relativizer draws its vocalic structure. | ||
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{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
|phrase = 3) | |phrase = 3) pubúǧ nukwúŧyu, aráda dáyma | ||
|IPA = | |IPA = | ||
| morphemes = [pub- | | morphemes = [pub-úǧ nukwú-ŧy-u], aráda dáym-a | ||
| gloss = [whither-REL arrive.PERF-MID-3S.IND], sun.ERG shine.IMPERF-3S.IND | | gloss = [whither-REL arrive.PERF-MID-3S.IND], sun.ERG shine.IMPERF-3S.IND | ||
| translation = Wherever you go, the sun shall shine (wherever it is arrived at, the sun shines). | | translation = Wherever you go, the sun shall shine (wherever it is arrived at, the sun shines). | ||
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The particles used to express "more X than Y" are: | The particles used to express "more X than Y" are: | ||
*''''' | *'''''rúzǧu''''', "not so much" | ||
====As X as Y==== | ====As X as Y==== | ||
The particles used to express "so" or "as X as Y" are: | The particles used to express "so" or "as X as Y" are: | ||
*''''' | *'''''ǧú''''', "so much" | ||
{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
|phrase = ówkroz ''bŕsam | |phrase = ówkroz ''bŕsam ǧú'' tasí kún/kungúyz' ára pwólno lunú | ||
|IPA = | |IPA = | ||
| morphemes = ówk.roz '''bŕs.am | | morphemes = ówk.roz '''bŕs.am ǧú''' tas.í kún/kun.gúyzu ára pwóln.o lunú | ||
| gloss = time-GEN '''foot-SIM EMPH''' silent-ADV nothing/nothing-NMZ NEG tread.lightly-3S.IMP.IND RES.NEG | | gloss = time-GEN '''foot-SIM EMPH''' silent-ADV nothing/nothing-NMZ NEG tread.lightly-3S.IMP.IND RES.NEG | ||
| translation = '''like the''' of time '''foot so''' silent nothing doesn't tread at all = "Naught treads '''so''' silent '''as the foot''' of Time..." - Edward Young | | translation = '''like the''' of time '''foot so''' silent nothing doesn't tread at all = "Naught treads '''so''' silent '''as the foot''' of Time..." - Edward Young | ||
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*'''''bálsŧya belsénkpre''''', "it is snowing upon fallen snow" = to beat a dead horse; to preach to the choir | *'''''bálsŧya belsénkpre''''', "it is snowing upon fallen snow" = to beat a dead horse; to preach to the choir | ||
*'''''zála párzđya, plút nú sálŧya''''', "life is cold, death is freezing" = "life sucks and then you die" | *'''''zála párzđya, plút nú sálŧya''''', "life is cold, death is freezing" = "life sucks and then you die" | ||
*'''''ráda | *'''''ráda goǧówkŧispo nú bĺsa sašálŧispa''''', "may the sun be warm and the snow freezing" = "travel safe" | ||
*'''''tuzdú, gáři, barsá-lun/brážgađ, dlnádgad, twozgód-vo, gáři, párz išána''''', "by sled, young one, not by foot"/by foot, by snowshoe, by sled, young one, your choice" = "brains over brawn", "work smarter not harder" | *'''''tuzdú, gáři, barsá-lun/brážgađ, dlnádgad, twozgód-vo, gáři, párz išána''''', "by sled, young one, not by foot"/by foot, by snowshoe, by sled, young one, your choice" = "brains over brawn", "work smarter not harder" | ||
*'''''álvyank blášpi / vƚašínpi yižin solwóŧišop''''', "you're hoarding bark* before the snow/some flurries" = "you're panicking, doing something unnecessary when you could be focusing attention elsewhere" | *'''''álvyank blášpi / vƚašínpi yižin solwóŧišop''''', "you're hoarding bark* before the snow/some flurries" = "you're panicking, doing something unnecessary when you could be focusing attention elsewhere" | ||