4,932
edits
Proto-Haïdic: Difference between revisions
→Alignment
| Line 137: | Line 137: | ||
== Verbs == | == Verbs == | ||
=== Alignment === | === Alignment === | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;" | {| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;" | ||
| Line 171: | Line 170: | ||
| ''*-a'' | | ''*-a'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Broadly speaking, Proto-Haïdic is reconstructed as having a nominative-accusative morphosyntactic alignment system, as opposed to the Bäladiri alignment system of [[Proto-Maro-Ephenian]]. Nouns in Proto-Haïdic decline for three cases; the [[w:Nominative case|nominative]], [[w:Accusative case|accusative]], and [[w:Genitive case|genitive]]. The verb agrees with its subject in person and number. | |||
:{{interlinear|box=yes | :{{interlinear|box=yes | ||
| * | | *aɮ’ām-a s’inɮ-īna wilʕ-u ayyi-thām | ||
| cat-NOM.PL milk-ACC.SG 3PL-CONCL/IPFV/drink | | person-GEN.SG cat-NOM.PL milk-ACC.SG 3PL-CONCL/IPFV/drink | ||
| 'The cats are drinking the milk'}} | | 'The person's cats are drinking the milk'}} | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;" | |||
|+caption | Helper clitics | |||
|- | |||
! Case | |||
! Clitic | |||
! Source | |||
! Example | |||
|- | |||
| Genitive | |||
| ''*-bay'' | |||
| ''*bayiħ'' ('hand') | |||
| ''*ʔa-''bay-''a s’inɮ'' ('my cat') | |||
|- | |||
| Accusative | |||
| ''*-māt'' | |||
| ''*māt'' ('stuff') | |||
| ''*ʔa-''māt''-u ya-ptah'' ('they struck me') | |||
|- | |||
| Ablative | |||
| ''*-(u)θawz'' | |||
| ''*θawaz'' ('to leave') | |||
| ''*ʔa-bit’-u-''θawz''-u ya-ksiħ'' ('they came from my house') | |||
|} | |||
=== Derived stems === | === Derived stems === | ||