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Cân Gert: Difference between revisions
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<small>{{note|pn1|Note}} The ''-ta'' suffix obviates the need both for the general-purpose adjectival suffix ''-al'' and for the verbal clitic ''ni'' that would occur at the beginning of ''niêndîn'' to mean "unify, unite". That suffix tends to form adjectives with a more active/progressive meaning, somewhat like a gerundive; ''êndînal'' would mean "unifying, uniting" rather than "unified, united".</small> | <small>{{note|pn1|Note}} The ''-ta'' suffix obviates the need both for the general-purpose adjectival suffix ''-al'' and for the verbal clitic ''ni'' that would occur at the beginning of ''niêndîn'' to mean "unify, unite". That suffix tends to form adjectives with a more active/progressive meaning, somewhat like a gerundive; ''êndînal'' would mean "unifying, uniting" rather than "unified, united".</small> | ||
===Compounds=== | === Compounds === | ||
Cân Gert morphology features both [[w:Morphological derivation|derivation]] and [[w:Inflection|inflection]], both of which create compounds. In Cân Gert this is distinguished by whether the compound is a lexeme, or a non-lemma form of an existing lexeme. | Cân Gert morphology features both [[w:Morphological derivation|derivation]] and [[w:Inflection|inflection]], both of which create compounds. In Cân Gert this is distinguished by whether the compound is a lexeme, or a non-lemma form of an existing lexeme. | ||
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If the answer to 1 is "yes" or the answer to 2 is "no", the new word is a lexeme. Otherwise, it is a non-lemma form of an existing lexeme. The process can be done in reverse, by taking away roots from a compound, to determine what form of a lexeme is its lemma form. | If the answer to 1 is "yes" or the answer to 2 is "no", the new word is a lexeme. Otherwise, it is a non-lemma form of an existing lexeme. The process can be done in reverse, by taking away roots from a compound, to determine what form of a lexeme is its lemma form. | ||
==== Example: Derivation ==== | |||
==== Derivation | |||
Appending ''din'' ("person, human") to the word ''bartei'' ("workplace, office", from ''bar'', "work, job" + ''tei'', "house, building, facility") creates the compound ''barteidin'' meaning "officer, official, office worker". | Appending ''din'' ("person, human") to the word ''bartei'' ("workplace, office", from ''bar'', "work, job" + ''tei'', "house, building, facility") creates the compound ''barteidin'' meaning "officer, official, office worker". | ||
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Therefore, this is an example of derivation, and ''barteidin'' is a lexeme, rather than a non-lemma form of ''bartei''. | Therefore, this is an example of derivation, and ''barteidin'' is a lexeme, rather than a non-lemma form of ''bartei''. | ||
==== Inflection | ==== Example: Inflection ==== | ||
Prepending ''tor'' ("many, much") to the word ''bartei'' creates the compound ''torbartei'' meaning "workplaces, offices". | Prepending ''tor'' ("many, much") to the word ''bartei'' creates the compound ''torbartei'' meaning "workplaces, offices". | ||
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Therefore, this is an example of inflection, and ''torbartei'' is a non-lemma form of ''bartei''. | Therefore, this is an example of inflection, and ''torbartei'' is a non-lemma form of ''bartei''. | ||
=== Derivational morphology === | |||
When concatenating substantive and/or functional roots and/or compounds, the first modifies the second. That is: | |||
: ''orn'' ("song") + ''ion'' ("bird") → ''ornion'' – songbird, a bird which sings | |||
But: | |||
: ''ion'' + ''orn'' → ''ionorn'' – birdsong, the song of a bird | |||
This neatly disambiguates the meanings created by compounds from the meanings created by modifier nouns or adjectives. For example, with ''ûn'' "green" and ''tî'' "tea": | |||
* ''ûntî'' – green tea | |||
* ''tî ûn'' – a kind of tea that is green | |||
* ''tî ûnal'' – tea which happens to be green | |||
==Nominal morphology== | ==Nominal morphology== | ||