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Undernederlandsk: Difference between revisions
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*/øy/ is always pronounced as [œy̯] | */øy/ is always pronounced as [œy̯] | ||
*/ei/ is always pronounced as [ɛy̯]. | */ei/ is always pronounced as [ɛy̯]. | ||
===Weak sounds=== | |||
Weak sounds are sounds that can be represented by different letters, or letters that ambiguously represent sounds. | |||
====Consonants==== | |||
====Vowels==== | |||
====R-rule==== | |||
The R-rule, ''R-reglet'', describes how and where /r/ is pronounced. | |||
The rule is as follows: | |||
*when /r/ appears before [s], [t], [d] and [l], the pronunciation of /r/ is completely omitted and instead the letters are pronounced in their retroflex forms [ʂ], [ʈ], [ɟ] and [ɭ] (the first R-rule) | |||
*when /r/ appears after /e/, /er/ is pronounced as [lˀ] (the second R-rule) | |||
*when /r/ appears after a long vowel, thus /é/, /ò/, /å/, /æ/ and /ø/, /r/ is not pronounced at all (the third R-rule) | |||
*when /r/ is followed be [a], [ɑ], [ɐ] or [ɒ] it is pronounced [ɾ] (the fourth R-rule). | |||
The fourth R-rule takes priority over the third R-rule, which in its turn takes priority over the second R-rule, which in its turn takes priority over the first R-rule. This means that ''læra'', "to learn", is pronounced [ˈlæɾɑ], but ''lærer'', "teacher", is pronounced [ˈlæ:ˀ]. The plural of ''lærer'', ''lærerer'', "teachers", would however be pronounced [ˈlæ:lˀ], since the second /er/ does not directly follow the /ær/ and therefore /ær/ takes no priority over it. The alternative definitive plural, ''lærererne'', "teachers", on its turn would be pronounced [ˈlæ:lˀn̩ə], since here it is a case of the second R-rule taking priority over the first. | |||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||