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Dē Graut Bʉr (talk | contribs) |
Dē Graut Bʉr (talk | contribs) (→Syntax) |
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| gloss = in my two old small grey house-PL in the village | | gloss = in my two old small grey house-PL in the village | ||
| translation = in my two old small grey houses in the village | | translation = in my two old small grey houses in the village | ||
}} | |||
===Existentials=== | |||
Existentials use the phrase ''dē zyt'': | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = Dē zyt a haus. | |||
| IPA = /dɛ ˈzɛɪ̯t a ˈhaʊ̯s/ | |||
| gloss = 3SG.N be.BYF a house | |||
| translation = There is a house. | |||
}} | |||
The past is ''dē zyti''. This is the only case where a past byform is used. | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = Dē zyti a haus. | |||
| IPA = /dɛ ˈzɛɪ̯ti a ˈhaʊ̯s/ | |||
| gloss = 3SG.N be.BYF-PST a house | |||
| translation = There was a house. | |||
}} | |||
When existentials occur in subclauses, they always use the byform, even if the verb isn't placed at the end of the clause and a present would normally be used. | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = ... dass dē zyt a haus. | |||
| IPA = /dɑsː dɛ ˈzɛɪ̯t a ˈhaʊ̯s/ | |||
| gloss = that 3SG.N be.BYF a house | |||
| translation = ... that there is a house. | |||
}} | |||
Using a present here would change the meaning: "dass dē ''iss'' a haus" would mean "that ''it'' is a house" rather than "that ''there'' is a house. | |||
Sometimes, mostly in formal writing, a similar construction with other verbs can be used. | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = Dē ytē imant a appoll. | |||
| IPA = /dɛ ˈɛɪ̯tɛ ˈimant a ˈɑpːɔlː/ | |||
| gloss = 3SG.N eat.BYF someone an apple | |||
| translation = There is someone eating an apple. = Someone is eating an apple. | |||
}} | |||
Unlike with the normal existentials, the past of this construction uses a normal past. | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = Dē ati imant a appoll. | |||
| IPA = /dɛ ˈati ˈimant a ˈɑpːɔlː/ | |||
| gloss = 3SG.N eat.PST someone an apple | |||
| translation = There was someone eating an apple. = Someone was eating an apple. | |||
}} | }} | ||
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