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Nkwu: Difference between revisions
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|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! !! Labial/<br />Labio-dental/<br />Labio-velar || Dental/<br />Alveolar !! Post-Alveolar/<br />Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal !! Romanisation (Krauss)/<br />Romanisation (Harlowe) | ! !! Labial/<br />Labio-dental/<br />Labio-velar || Dental/<br />Alveolar !! Post-Alveolar/<br />Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal !! Romanisation (Krauss)/<br /><span style="color:gray;">Romanisation (Harlowe)</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Nasal | ! Nasal | ||
| m<br />[m] || n<br />[n] || ɲ<br />[ɲ] || ŋ<br />[ŋ] || | | m<br />[m] || n<br />[n] || ɲ<br />[ɲ] || ŋ<br />[ŋ] || | ||
! ⟨ m n ny ng ⟩<br />⟨ m n ñ ŋ ⟩ | ! ⟨ m n ny ng ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ m n ñ ŋ ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Glottalised<br />Prenasalised<br />Nasal | ! Glottalised<br />Prenasalised<br />Nasal | ||
| ⁿˀm<br />[m̆ʔm] || ⁿˀn<br />[n̆ʔn] || ⁿˀɲ<br />[ɲ̆ʔɲ] || ⁿˀŋ<br />[ŋ̆ʔŋ] || | | ⁿˀm<br />[m̆ʔm] || ⁿˀn<br />[n̆ʔn] || ⁿˀɲ<br />[ɲ̆ʔɲ] || ⁿˀŋ<br />[ŋ̆ʔŋ] || | ||
! ⟨ mpm ntn ntny nkng ⟩<br />⟨ mpm ntn ñcñ ŋkŋ ⟩ | ! ⟨ mpm ntn ntny nkng ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ mpm ntn ñcñ ŋkŋ ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Plosive | ! Plosive | ||
| p b<br />[p] [b] || t d<br />[t~t̪] [d~d̪] || || k ɡ<br />[k] [ɡ] || ʔ<br />[ʔ] | | p b<br />[p] [b] || t d<br />[t~t̪] [d~d̪] || || k ɡ<br />[k] [ɡ] || ʔ<br />[ʔ] | ||
! ⟨ p b t d k g q ⟩<br />⟨ p b t d k g q ⟩ | ! ⟨ p b t d k g q ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ p b t d k g q ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Prenasalised<br />Plosive | ! Prenasalised<br />Plosive | ||
| ⁿp ⁿb<br />[mp] [mb] || ⁿt ⁿd<br />[nt] [nd] || || ⁿk ⁿɡ<br />[ŋk] [ŋɡ] || | | ⁿp ⁿb<br />[mp] [mb] || ⁿt ⁿd<br />[nt] [nd] || || ⁿk ⁿɡ<br />[ŋk] [ŋɡ] || | ||
! ⟨ mp mb nt nd nk ngg ⟩<br />⟨ mp mb nt nd ŋk ŋg ⟩ | ! ⟨ mp mb nt nd nk ngg ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ mp mb nt nd ŋk ŋg ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Glottalised<br />Prenasalised<br />Plosive | ! Glottalised<br />Prenasalised<br />Plosive | ||
| ⁿˀb<br />[m̆ʔb] || ⁿˀd<br />[n̆ʔd] || || ⁿˀɡ<br />[ŋ̆ʔɡ] || | | ⁿˀb<br />[m̆ʔb] || ⁿˀd<br />[n̆ʔd] || || ⁿˀɡ<br />[ŋ̆ʔɡ] || | ||
! ⟨ mpb ntd nkg ⟩<br />⟨ mpb ntd ŋkg ⟩ | ! ⟨ mpb ntd nkg ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ mpb ntd ŋkg ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Affricate | ! Affricate | ||
| || ts dz<br />[t͡s] [d͡z] || tʃ dʒ<br />[t͡ʃ] [d͡ʒ] || || | | || ts dz<br />[t͡s] [d͡z] || tʃ dʒ<br />[t͡ʃ] [d͡ʒ] || || | ||
! ⟨ ts dz tx dj ⟩<br />⟨ ts dz tš dž ⟩ | ! ⟨ ts dz tx dj ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ ts dz tš dž ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Prenasalised<br />Affricate | ! Prenasalised<br />Affricate | ||
| || ⁿts ⁿdz<br />[nt͡s] [nd͡z] || ⁿtʃ ⁿdʒ<br />[nt͡ʃ] [nd͡ʒ] || || | | || ⁿts ⁿdz<br />[nt͡s] [nd͡z] || ⁿtʃ ⁿdʒ<br />[nt͡ʃ] [nd͡ʒ] || || | ||
! ⟨ nts ndz ntx ndj ⟩<br />⟨ nts ndz ntš ndž ⟩ | ! ⟨ nts ndz ntx ndj ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ nts ndz ntš ndž ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Glottalised<br />Prenasalised<br />Affricate | ! Glottalised<br />Prenasalised<br />Affricate | ||
| || ⁿˀdz<br />[n̆ʔd͡z] || ⁿˀdʒ<br />[n̆ʔd͡ʒ] || || | | || ⁿˀdz<br />[n̆ʔd͡z] || ⁿˀdʒ<br />[n̆ʔd͡ʒ] || || | ||
! ⟨ ntdz ntdj ⟩<br />⟨ ntdz ntdž ⟩ | ! ⟨ ntdz ntdj ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ ntdz ntdž ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Fricative | ! Fricative | ||
| f v<br />[f] [v] || s z<br />[s] [z] || ʃ ʒ<br />[ʃ] [ʒ] || || h<br />[h~ɦ] | | f v<br />[f] [v] || s z<br />[s] [z] || ʃ ʒ<br />[ʃ] [ʒ] || || h<br />[h~ɦ] | ||
! ⟨ f v s z x j h ⟩<br />⟨ f v s z š ž h ⟩ | ! ⟨ f v s z x j h ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ f v s z š ž h ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Prenasalised<br />Fricative | ! Prenasalised<br />Fricative | ||
| ⁿf ⁿv<br />[ɱf] [ɱv] || ⁿs ⁿz<br />[ns~nt͡s] [nz~nd͡z] || ⁿʃ ⁿʒ<br />[nʃ~nt͡ʃ] [nʒ~nd͡ʒ] || || ⁿh<br />[ŋh~ŋɦ] | | ⁿf ⁿv<br />[ɱf] [ɱv] || ⁿs ⁿz<br />[ns~nt͡s] [nz~nd͡z] || ⁿʃ ⁿʒ<br />[nʃ~nt͡ʃ] [nʒ~nd͡ʒ] || || ⁿh<br />[ŋh~ŋɦ] | ||
! ⟨ mf mv ns nz nx nj ngh ⟩<br />⟨ mf mv ns nz nš nž ŋh ⟩ | ! ⟨ mf mv ns nz nx nj ngh ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ mf mv ns nz nš nž ŋh ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Semivowel | ! Semivowel | ||
| w<br />[w] || || j<br />[j] || || | | w<br />[w] || || j<br />[j] || || | ||
! ⟨ w y ⟩<br />⟨ w y ⟩ | ! ⟨ w y ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ w y ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Glottalised<br />Prenasalised<br />Semivowel | ! Glottalised<br />Prenasalised<br />Semivowel | ||
| ⁿˀw<br />[ŋkʷw] || || ⁿˀj<br />[ŋkʲj~ɲcj] || || | | ⁿˀw<br />[ŋkʷw] || || ⁿˀj<br />[ŋkʲj~ɲcj] || || | ||
! ⟨ nkw nky ⟩<br />⟨ ŋkw ŋky ⟩ | ! ⟨ nkw nky ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ ŋkw ŋky ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Lateral | ! Lateral | ||
| || l<br />[l~ɫ] || || || | | || l<br />[l~ɫ] || || || | ||
! ⟨ l ⟩<br />⟨ l ⟩ | ! ⟨ l ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ l ⟩</span> | ||
|- align=center | |- align=center | ||
! Prenasalised<br />Lateral | ! Prenasalised<br />Lateral | ||
| || ⁿl<br />[nl~lː~l̃ː¨~ld~ɫd] || || || | | || ⁿl<br />[nl~lː~l̃ː¨~ld~ɫd] || || || | ||
! ⟨ nl ⟩<br />⟨ nl ⟩ | ! ⟨ nl ⟩<br /><span style="color:gray;">⟨ nl ⟩</span> | ||
|} | |} | ||