|
|
Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| Inspirations: Vietnamese, Old Irish, Tiberian Hebrew, Maltese (and Hmong?)
| |
| == Phonology ==
| |
| p t c k kħ q = /p t k q {{qeth}} ʔ/; ph th ch kh ħ = /f θ x χ ħ/
| |
|
| |
|
| m n ng; mh nh ngh = /m n ŋ; v{{nas}} (lenis n) (lenis ŋ)/
| |
|
| |
| x s h = /ɬ ʃ h/
| |
|
| |
| b ƀ đ d y g ǥ għ = /v (bilabial l) ɮ ð y ɣ ʟ ayin/
| |
|
| |
| r l /r l/
| |
|
| |
| i ê e a o ô u = /i e ɛ a ɔ o u/; ă = shva na; ĕ = ultrashort e; ie uo
| |
|
| |
| Ultrashort vowels cannot carry independent tones
| |
|
| |
| tones: high low falling rising nga nang
| |
|
| |
| has lenition, lateralization and h-prothesis~aspiration mutations
| |
| === Mutations ===
| |
| # Lenition: m n ng p t c k kħ s v l r -> mh ng ngh b d y g għ h 0 l r
| |
| # Lateralization: m n ng p t c k kħ s v l r -> ƀ l ng ƀ đ ǥ ǥ għ x l l r
| |
| # Aspiration: m n ng p t c k kħ s v l r -> m n ng ph th ch kh ħ s ph x rh
| |
|
| |
| == Proto-language ==
| |
| 5 vowels: i e a o u, each syllable had high and low tones
| |
|
| |
| allowed syllables: CV, CVn, CVs, CVl (CVnC becomes CV(sokuon)C as in Hebrew)
| |
|
| |
| Todo: Stress patterns for construct nouns and dependent verbs
| |
|
| |
| Consonants: m n ŋ p t c k q 2 s w l r y /m n ŋ p t k q{{adv}} q{{ret}} ʔ ʃ w l r j/
| |
|
| |
| == Morphology ==
| |
| Old Irish-style independent-dependent verbal allomorphy, which includes tone changes (the proto-stage had level tones and was predominantly CV, with geminates, nC and sC clusters. tones in reduced syllables leave a mark on the stressed syllable, making tones more complex)
| |
|
| |
| nouns have unpredictable allomorphs as well, worse than TibH construct state (absolute~construct since easy to justify with stress)
| |