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Allophones or marginal phonemes include [hʶ] and [ʂʶ]; this article won't reflect these. | Allophones or marginal phonemes include [hʶ] and [ʂʶ]; this article won't reflect these. | ||
* [ŋ̟ ɴ̟] occur as allophones of /n̪ n̪ʶ/ before dorsal stops. For speakers that realize / | * [ŋ̟ ɴ̟] occur as allophones of /n̪ n̪ʶ/ before dorsal stops. For speakers that realize /q/ as a glottal stop, a preceding /n{{uvu}}/ is often realized as nasalization and lengthening of the preceding vowel. | ||
* /h/ is never dropped except in some complex clusters, after an aspirate or a fricative. It is usually [h~ɦ], but is [ħ̞] (weakly fricated [ħ]) before or after /ɑ/ or /æ/. | * /h/ is never dropped except in some complex clusters, after an aspirate or a fricative. It is usually [h~ɦ], but is [ħ̞] (weakly fricated [ħ]) before or after /ɑ/ or /æ/. | ||
* Aspirated stops (written as voiceless in the orthography) are consistently aspirated; single unaspirated stops may be weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) or completely devoiced (as in Icelandic). Unaspirated stops are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant: ''nectbw'' [ˈnɛk̟ʰtʲʰp⁼ü] 'we will write', and when they are geminated: ''mitcebbir'' [m{{laxi}}t{{lam}}{{pal}}'k{{adv}}{{laxe}}p:ər{{pal}}] 'arrogant'. Voiceless stops are also slightly longer than voiced ones. Unaspirated geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. Word-final geminates surface as compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel (cf. Irish and Hebrew diachronics). | * Aspirated stops (written as voiceless in the orthography) are consistently aspirated; single unaspirated stops may be weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) or completely devoiced (as in Icelandic). Unaspirated stops are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant: ''nectbw'' [ˈnɛk̟ʰtʲʰp⁼ü] 'we will write', and when they are geminated: ''mitcebbir'' [m{{laxi}}t{{lam}}{{pal}}'k{{adv}}{{laxe}}p:ər{{pal}}] 'arrogant'. Voiceless stops are also slightly longer than voiced ones. Unaspirated geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. Word-final geminates surface as compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel (cf. Irish and Hebrew diachronics). | ||
* Emphatic consonants have the feature +RTR (retracted tongue root). Emphatic unaspirated stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ̟/ is particularly prone to devoicing. | * Emphatic consonants have the feature +RTR (retracted tongue root). Emphatic unaspirated stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ̟/ is particularly prone to devoicing. | ||
* Preuvular consonants are halfway between velar and uvular for most speakers but are velar or uvular for some speakers; the velar realization is more common for older speakers. / | * Preuvular consonants are halfway between velar and uvular for most speakers but are velar or uvular for some speakers; the velar realization is more common for older speakers. /q/ in contemporary urban Majorcan is turning into [ʔʶ] (cf. Maltese and Egyptian Arabic /ʔ/ for older Arabic ''q''), even affecting Irish loans: ''teanga'' 'language' and ''guid{{cda}}e'' 'prayer' are pronounced [ˈt̪ʰænʶʔʶʌ] and [ˈʔʶʊ{{ret}}jjə] by the majority of younger speakers. This is often attributed to immigration from other parts of Irta's Arab world bringing the glottal stop reflex of Arabic ''q''. | ||
* /r/ is a lamino-alveolar or dental trill or flap. It is often pronounced as Czech ''ř'' or as [ʒ] by younger speakers. | * /r/ is a lamino-alveolar or dental trill or flap. It is often pronounced as Czech ''ř'' or as [ʒ] by younger speakers. | ||
* /rʶ/ may be realized as [ɾʶ] or [ɹʷʶ], the latter sounding a lot like a General American English r. | * /rʶ/ may be realized as [ɾʶ] or [ɹʷʶ], the latter sounding a lot like a General American English r. | ||
* | * All non-rhotic, non-palatal coronals are lamino-dental. | ||
* Nonemphatic consonants (except /v h/) are allophonically palatalized in pausal position. /t | * Nonemphatic consonants (except /v h/) are allophonically palatalized in pausal position. /t{{asp}} t n l/ become laminal alveolar [t̻ʲ{{asp}} t{{lam}}ʲ n̻ʲ lʲ] when allophonically palatalized. Allophonic palatalization of nonemphatic consonants also occurs when said consonant is next to a prevelar consonant (one of /k̟{{asp}} k̟ x̟ j/): e.g. ''ħacme'' [ˈħ{{lowered}}æk̟ʰmʲə] 'rule'. This also affects /v/ ''after'' a prevelar, e.g. ''gvèr'' [k̟vʲe:r] 'about, concerning'. | ||
* Emphatic consonants are less strongly uvularized and more velarized in pause, for speakers that uvularize emphatics. | * Emphatic consonants are less strongly uvularized and more velarized in pause, for speakers that uvularize emphatics. | ||
* /j/ is vocalized to [ɪ] in word-initial position before a consonant. | * /j/ is vocalized to [ɪ] in word-initial position before a consonant. | ||