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Idavic languages: Difference between revisions
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| name = Idavic | | name = Idavic | ||
| familycolor = dodellic | | familycolor = dodellic | ||
| family = One of Tricin's primary language families | | family = One of [[Tricin]]'s primary language families | ||
| protoname = Proto-Idavic (PId) | | protoname = Proto-Idavic (PId) | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 21: | Line 21: | ||
***[[Netagin]] (Optimized for piyyutim) | ***[[Netagin]] (Optimized for piyyutim) | ||
** Hmoob-like language | ** Hmoob-like language | ||
** [[ | ** [[Whitmer]] | ||
** [[ | ** [[Pategian]] | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
=== Consonants === | === Consonants === | ||
Proto-Idavic had about | Proto-Idavic had about 28 consonants and had a distinction between front and back coronals and front and back velars. | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 500px; " | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 500px; " | ||
| Line 70: | Line 70: | ||
|'''x{{lab}}''' /x{{lab}}/ | |'''x{{lab}}''' /x{{lab}}/ | ||
|'''x''' /x̠/ | |'''x''' /x̠/ | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" |Affricate | ! colspan="2" |Affricate | ||
| Line 121: | Line 121: | ||
===Suprasegmentals === | ===Suprasegmentals === | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
| Line 128: | Line 126: | ||
Intransitive and transitive forms turn into agent-oriented vs patient oriented in Netagin; most other Idavic languages retain only one of the intransitive and transitive forms. | Intransitive and transitive forms turn into agent-oriented vs patient oriented in Netagin; most other Idavic languages retain only one of the intransitive and transitive forms. | ||
Proto-Idavic had only one true preposition, ''*mi''. Other meanings expressed with prepositions in English were indicated with verbs. | |||
=== Pronouns === | === Pronouns === | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" width=500px | ||
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| ''*1aš2e3'' || ''*-1aš2u3'' || ''*-1išin2o3'' || ''*1aš2ā3'' || ''*1aš2ē3i'' | | ''*1aš2e3'' || ''*-1aš2u3'' || ''*-1išin2o3'' || ''*1aš2ā3'' || ''*1aš2ē3i'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! ʔ-infix stem | ||
| ''* | | ''*1aʔ2e3'' || ''*-1aʔ2u3'' || ''*-1iʔin2i3'' || ''*1aʔ2ā3'' || ''*te1aʔ2e3i'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 2-redup | ! 2-redup | ||
| Line 213: | Line 213: | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== Derivation === | ===Derivation=== | ||
* Noun patterns: ''1a23, 1i23, 1u23, 1a22ū3, 1a2a3, 1a2i2, 1a2u3, ŋa12ū3, 1ā2a3, 1ī2a3, 1ī2ī3, 1ī2ū3'' | |||
* ''1aʔ2ū3'' = adjective relating to personal qualities | |||
*''ʔe12ā3'' = agent noun | |||
*''1iʔ2i3'' = resultatives | |||
*''1aʔ2e3'' = tendency/quality of X | |||
*''1iʔ2a3'' = degree/measure | |||
*''-ām'' = augmentative (source of -om in Naeng and Eevo) | |||
*''-ān'' = abstract noun, collective | |||
*''1a2ī3'' = quality adjective | |||
*''1u2a3'' = resultative adjective | |||
*''1e2ā3'' = event | |||
*''śi12ū3'' = event | |||
*''tawa12a3'' | |||
*''śi12a3/śi12i3'' = instrument | |||
*''wa12ē3/wa12ī3'' = profession | |||
*''ti12a3/ti12e3'' = process | |||
*''wa12ū3'' = patient noun | |||
*''wa12ā3'' = resultative noun | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
Proto-Idavic was rigidly head-initial with a morphosyntax similar to Lushootseed or Austronesian. Most present-day Idavic languages (except Netagin) are less head-initial. | Proto-Idavic was rigidly head-initial with a morphosyntax similar to Lushootseed or Austronesian. Most present-day Idavic languages (except Netagin) are less head-initial. | ||
[[Category:Language families]] | [[Category:Language families]] | ||