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→Depalatalisation of labials and /r/
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====Depalatalisation of labials and /r/==== | ====Depalatalisation of labials and /r/==== | ||
At the beginning and end of a word, /pʲ, bʲ, mʲ, rʲ/ depalatalised: | At the beginning and end of a word, /pʲ, bʲ, mʲ, rʲ/ depalatalised before back vowels: | ||
*PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/paidō|*paidō]]'' → Medieval Niemish '' | *PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/paidō|*paidō]]'' → Medieval Niemish ''piadə'' → ''{{term|pad#Niemish|pád}}'' ("cloak, overcoat") | ||
*PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bainą|*bainą]]'' → Medieval Niemish ''bian'' → ''{{term|ban#Niemish|bán}}'' ("bone") | *PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bainą|*bainą]]'' → Medieval Niemish ''bian'' → ''{{term|ban#Niemish|bán}}'' ("bone") | ||
*PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mainą#Proto-Germanic|*mainą]]'' → Medieval Niemish ''mian'' → ''{{term|man#Niemish|mán}}'' ("perjury") | *PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mainą#Proto-Germanic|*mainą]]'' → Medieval Niemish ''mian'' → ''{{term|man#Niemish|mán}}'' ("perjury") | ||
*PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ribją#Proto-Germanic|*ribją]]'' → Post-Gothic ''*rifi'' → Medieval Niemish ''riffj'' → ''{{term|riff#Niemish|rìff}}'' ("rib, spoke") | *PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ribją#Proto-Germanic|*ribją]]'' → Post-Gothic ''*rifi'' → Medieval Niemish ''riffj'' → ''{{term|riff#Niemish|rìff}}'' ("rib, spoke") | ||
*Got. ''[[wikt:𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐍃#Gothic|raíhts]]'' → Medieval Niemish ''riat'' → ''{{term|rat#Niemish|rát}}'' ("straight, correct") | |||
*Got. ''[[wikt:𐍃𐍉𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃#Gothic|sōkāreis]]'' → Medieval Niemish ''sukarj'' → ''{{term|sukar#Niemish|súkar}}'' ("seeker") | |||
The same applied to the consonant clusters / | The same applied to the consonant clusters /prʲ, brʲ, wrʲ/: | ||
*Got. ''[[wikt:𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃#Gothic|bráiþs]]'' → Medieval Niemish ''brias'' → ''{{term|bras#Niemish|brás}}'' ("broad, wide") | *Got. ''[[wikt:𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃#Gothic|bráiþs]]'' → Medieval Niemish ''brias'' → ''{{term|bras#Niemish|brás}}'' ("broad, wide") | ||
But not other such consonant + / | But not other such consonant + /rʲ/ clusters: | ||
*PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kraitaz#Proto-Germanic|*kraitaz]]'' → ''{{term|kriat#Niemish|kriát}}'' ("circle, region, borough") | *PGmc. ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kraitaz#Proto-Germanic|*kraitaz]]'' → ''{{term|kriat#Niemish|kriát}}'' ("circle, region, borough") | ||
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The phonemes /r, rʲ/ would have occurred only at the beginnings and ends of words, while /ɾ, ɾʲ/ only occurred word-medially (unlike in Spanish where both can occur medially, and Old Irish where both can occur medially and finally). Like in Irish, /rʲ/ merged with /r/ and ultimately /r/ and /ɾ/ merged (as /ɾ/ in Irish, as /r/ in Niemish): | The phonemes /r, rʲ/ would have occurred only at the beginnings and ends of words, while /ɾ, ɾʲ/ only occurred word-medially (unlike in Spanish where both can occur medially, and Old Irish where both can occur medially and finally). Like in Irish, /rʲ/ merged with /r/ and ultimately /r/ and /ɾ/ merged (as /ɾ/ in Irish, as /r/ in Niemish): | ||
Palatalisation was preserved in stem-final labials and /r/ where the flexional ending began with a vowel: | Palatalisation was preserved in stem-final labials and /r/ where the flexional ending began with a vowel: | ||