6,388
edits
Niemish: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
→Strong verbs
Tardigrade (talk | contribs) |
Tardigrade (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 1,199: | Line 1,199: | ||
|a||u||a | |a||u||a | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan= | !rowspan=2|7b!!7ba | ||
|i||rowspan= | |i||rowspan=2|u||rowspan=2|i | ||
|- | |- | ||
!7bb | |||
|y | |y | ||
|} | |} | ||
The "general" stem is used for the present tense, present participle and imperative. The "past | The "general" stem is used for the present tense, present participle and imperative. The "past" stem is used for the past tense, other than in the past participle which has its own stem. | ||
Class 1 and class 7b (see later for why 7a is not under discussion) verbs with stems affected by [[Niemish#Depalatalisation_of_labials_and_.2Fr.2F|depalatalisation]] (beginning with a labial, a rhotic or a labial+rhotic cluster) had the present stem vowel changed from ''i'' to ''y''. Class 1 verbs also had the past stem vowel changed from ''ia, iä'' to ''a, ä''. | |||
Analogical levelling with 2a verbs introduced umlaut into the Class 2b stem vowel (the long ''ū'' in Gothic would otherwise be expected to produce an invariant ''u'' vowel in Niemish). | Analogical levelling with 2a verbs introduced umlaut into the Class 2b stem vowel (the long ''ū'' in Gothic would otherwise be expected to produce an invariant ''u'' vowel in Niemish). | ||
| Line 1,215: | Line 1,213: | ||
Furthermore, as palatalisation developed in Niemish, the palatalisation in the 2a general stem spread to all other stems, splitting subclasses 2a and 2b into full strong verb classes, sharing no forms. Some 2a verbs analogically extended the unpalatalised stems instead, causing them to join the 2b class. | Furthermore, as palatalisation developed in Niemish, the palatalisation in the 2a general stem spread to all other stems, splitting subclasses 2a and 2b into full strong verb classes, sharing no forms. Some 2a verbs analogically extended the unpalatalised stems instead, causing them to join the 2b class. | ||
Class 2a verbs with stems affected by [[Niemish#Depalatalisation_of_labials_and_.2Fr.2F|depalatalisation]] | Class 2a verbs with stems affected by [[Niemish#Depalatalisation_of_labials_and_.2Fr.2F|depalatalisation]] became 2b verbs. | ||
Classes 5 and 6 have a small subclass of verbs that use the consonant suffix -j- in the general form, but drop it elsewhere | Classes 5 and 6 have a small subclass of verbs that use the consonant suffix -j- in the general form, but drop it elsewhere | ||