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Here are some guidelines for easy understanding of the following text: (where “C” indicates consonants and “V” vowels) The sign “*” attached to a “V”(V*) or “C”(C*) indicates that the vowels vary from “a” to “ü” and the consonants from “b” to “z” respectively. The sign “#” is a placeholder for a varying vowel or consonant. The point “.” between syllables of ABCL words is used to indicate an affix. It is just a demo to make the role of the suffixes clearer in this article. It will not be applied in normal usage of the language. | Here are some guidelines for easy understanding of the following text: (where “C” indicates consonants and “V” vowels) The sign “*” attached to a “V”(V*) or “C”(C*) indicates that the vowels vary from “a” to “ü” and the consonants from “b” to “z” respectively. The sign “#” is a placeholder for a varying vowel or consonant. The point “.” between syllables of ABCL words is used to indicate an affix. It is just a demo to make the role of the suffixes clearer in this article. It will not be applied in normal usage of the language. | ||
== ORTHOGRAPHY == | |||
ABCL exploits eight vowels available in different languages, but without lengthening and lowering them. Besides the common vowels “a, e, i, o, u”, also “ö and ü” (from German and Turkish for example) and “ı” (ɯ- close back unrounded vowel, which is not common in ABC’s but in Turkish), will be utilized. | |||
It is not difficult in pronunciation at all, even though it seems so for outsiders. Although it doesn’t exist in English ABC, it can be heard very often in daily talks, for example in vocabularies ending with “_tion” like “station”, which would be written in ABCL as “sıteyşın”. The first “ı” may not be distinguished (as in clusters “st”) but the second one is articulated also in English, lengthened and stressed. Even though ABCL abstains from using it in case of nouns, where we have huge possibility of the word creation without utilization of ”ı” (and others as the consonants “j” and “h” for example), in some cases however (like verbs and particles) they are needed for the creation of the sufficient numbers of the words. | |||
Close/similar sounds of the vowel “e” (like a-umlaut in German) have been also dismissed. | |||
ABCL uses 20 consonants, however only 18 will be utilized generally. These 18 include also the consonants “ç” and “ş” (English digraphs ch and sh). The “w” has been omitted for sounding very close to “v” and “q” close to “k”. The “j”, itself sounding as in the French word “je”, has been included for marking the questions and numerals. | |||
Besides it will be necessary for the second level of ABCL, if there is a shortage in the creation of CV and VC type ‘two letters’ particles (adjectives, prepositions, pronouns) in Level 2. | |||
The last questionable consonant used here seldom (e.g. for ordinal numbers), is “ğ” which sound like “gh” in “though” in English. “x” sounds same as in English and is used for negations only (at the end of the word it modifies). See next sheet for the complete table of the spelling pronunciation with other examples. | |||
== ALPHABET and PRONUNCIATION == | |||
{| | |||
!'''Letters'''|| ||'''Examples in English'''|| ||'''IPA''' | |||
|- | |||
|a|| ||as in father|| ||a | |||
|- | |||
|b|| ||as in below || ||b | |||
|- | |||
|c|| ||as in jungle, jar|| ||ʤ | |||
|- | |||
|ç|| ||as in CHair, CHallange || ||ʧ | |||
|- | |||
|d|| ||as in dark|| ||d | |||
|- | |||
|e|| ||as in bed|| ||e | |||
|- | |||
|f|| ||as in food|| ||f | |||
|- | |||
|g|| ||as in dog, ago|| ||g | |||
|- | |||
|ğ|| ||as in thouGH|| ||- | |||
|- | |||
|h|| ||as in hallo, has|| ||h | |||
|- | |||
|ı|| ||as in opEN|| ||ɯ | |||
|- | |||
|i|| ||as in meet|| ||i | |||
|- | |||
|j|| ||as in measure|| ||ʒ | |||
|- | |||
|k|| ||as in cop|| ||k | |||
|- | |||
|l|| ||as in length|| ||l, ʎ | |||
|- | |||
|m|| ||as in measure|| ||m | |||
|- | |||
|n|| ||as in nice|| ||n | |||
|- | |||
|o|| ||as in pore|| ||o | |||
|- | |||
|ö|| ||as in sir|| ||ø | |||
|- | |||
|p|| ||as in piece|| ||p | |||
|- | |||
|r|| ||as in rice|| ||r, ɹ | |||
|- | |||
|s|| ||as in sick|| ||s | |||
|- | |||
|ş|| ||as in SHare, SHade|| ||ʃ | |||
|- | |||
|t|| ||as in tip|| ||t | |||
|- | |||
|u|| ||as in today|| ||u | |||
|- | |||
|ü|| ||as in jury, fUture|| ||y | |||
|- | |||
|v|| ||as in village, vertical|| ||v | |||
|- | |||
|y|| ||as in bay, yes|| ||j | |||
|- | |||
|z|| ||as in zero, zodiac|| ||z | |||
|- | |||
|x|| ||as in six|| ||x | |||
|} | |||
ABCL does not rely on the exact pronunciation of the letters. Words are constructed such a way that it is not sensitive to the diversions such as aspect and accenting. But it is essential to stress the vowels in V, VC, CV, VCV, CVC formations and the second vowel in CVCCV and longer formations. | |||
== NOUNS of ABCL == | == NOUNS of ABCL == | ||